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THE S
1 N D
DELINEAT
GEOGRAPHICAL, HISTORICAL,
STATISTICAL & COMMERCIAL.
AND A BRIEF' VIKW OP THE
GEOLOGY, EDUCATION, TRAVELLING ROUTES, Slc.
Pt'epareil to accoutpauy <Joltou'« Map.
NEW-YORK:
rUHM SUED IJY J. H.COI.TON
1838.
Entered, according to act of congress, in the year 1838, by J. H. Colton,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Southern District of New -
York.
3y tranafei
OCT 7 1915
CONTENTS
PAGE
Boundaries, Situation and Extent,
Names of the Counties, with their Population, &c., 7
9
Increase of Population,
Number of Polls, amount of Taxables, &c., 10
13
Sketches of each County,
44
Internal Improvements,
49
Table of Altitudes,
^ , 58
Geology,
CO
Form of Government, •
... 64
Education,
64
Public Lands,
„. , 69
History,
70
Travelling Routes,
Consulting Index,.
ADVERTISEMENT.
This book is designed to accompany Colton's
Large Map of Indiana, and add to the usefulness and
interest of that work. Conciseness and accuracy have
been studied in the descriptions. Much of the in-
formation detailed has been obtained by the pub-
lisher recently, in his efforts to collect materials to
complete the map, from gentlemen residing in the
State of Indiana, and agents employed for the pur-
pose. Reference has also been had to the valuable
Gazetteer of Indiana, published in 1833, at India-
napolis, by Messrs. Douglass & Maguire, and to
** Peck's New Guide for Emiorants to the West."
In the preparation of the map no pains hare been
spared, with regard to accuracy and style of execu-
tion, to render it worthy of all confidence and pa-
tronage. J. H. C.
BOUNDARIES, SITUATION AND EXTENT,
The State of Indiana is bounded on the north
by Lake Michigan and the State of Michigan, east
by the State of Ohio, south by the Ohio River, which
separates it from Kentucky, and west by the State
of Illinois; situated between 37° 50^ and 41° 46'
north latitude, and between 7° 47^ and 11° west
longitude from Washington City. Length, about
260 miles from north to south, and 150 miles in
width from east to west ; containing an area of
about 37,000 square miles.
^epartiS^
mpRW^
The State is divided into 88 counties, which are
enumerated in the following table, with the dates
of their formation, the number of square miles in
«ach, and their population in 1830, except such as
have been formed since 1830.
Counties.
Adams,
Allen,
Barriiolomew,.
Boone, ,
Blackford,.*.. .
Brown,.
Carroll,
Cass,
Clark,
Clay,
Clinton,
Crawford,. . . .
Daviess
Dearborn,. . . .
Decatur,
De Kalb,
Delaware,
Dubois,
Elkhart,
Fayette,.
Floyd,
Fountain,
Franklin,
Fulton,
CibsoTi,
Grant,
Greene,
Hamilton,. . . .
Hancock,
Date.jSq m. Po
1836
182"^
1821
1830
1838
1836
1828
1829
1802
1826
1830
1818
1816
18112
1821
1835
1827
1817
1830
1818
1819
1825
1810
1836
1813
1831
1821
1823
1828
336
650
396
41 '8
182
310
380
415
4!i0
360
432
300
420
380
340
365
384
432
460
200
144
390
400
350
450
415
540
400
310
1,000
5,480
622
1,614
1,154
10,719
1,616
1,423
3,184
4,512
14,573
5,854
2,372
1,774
935
9,112
6,363
7,644
10,199
5,417
4,253
1,705
1,569
County seats.
Decatur.
Fort Wayne,
Columbus.
Lebanon.
Nashville.
Delphi.
Logansport.
Charleston.
Bowling Green.
Frankfort.
Fredonia.
Washington.
Lawrenceburgh.
Greensburgh.
Auburn.
Muncietown.
Jasper.
Goshen.
Connersville.
New-Albany.
Covington.
Biookville.
Rochester.
Princeton.
Marion.
Bloomfield.
Noblesville.
Greenfield.
COUNTIES, POPULATION,
&C.
-'.|Sri m.|Po. 1S30 County seats.
Harrison, .\. .118 '8 470 10,288 Corvdon.
Hendrickg, il"23' 380 3,967 Danville.
Henry, il82lj 385 6,498j New- Castle.
Huniing-ton, . j 18321 384 | Huntington.
Jackson, 1815' 500 4,894 Brownsiown.
Jasper, ;1837| 700| j '
Jav, 1836 370| |Portland.
Jefferson, i 1809; 360 11,465 Madison.
Jennings, il8l6: 3h0 3,950 Vernon
Johnson, :I822 320
Knox, v....il802! 540
Kosciusko, '1835; 567
Lagrange, 1832: 380
Lake,.. !l836: 468
Laporte, !1832| 460
Lawrence, 18181 438
Madison, 1823j 390
Marshall, 1835 440
Marion, Il82l| 400
Martin, 18l8i 300
Miami,
Monroe,
Montgomery,
IMorgan,.
Newton,
Noble,
Orange,
Owen,
Parke,
Perry,
Pike,
Porter, i ' 835 <^^^
Posey *.. 11814 4.50
Pulaski, :..1836 342
Putnam, :18-21 486
Randolph, il818 440
Puplev, 181^; iOll
RuW ;1821 410
tScott, [1817, 2"0
Shelhy, 1821 410
Spencer, |l818 400
St. Joseph, :1830 468
Stark,....! 11837 432
Steuben, |1837: 32^.
Sullivan, !l81S' 43
Switzerland, >. . 1814 316
1832
1818
'822
1821
1837
1836
1815
380
420
504
453
640
432
400
18-8' 396
1821 1 450
l^a4| 400
1816 325
1 835
4,130 Franklin.
6,557 Vincennes.
I Warsaw.
Lima.
Lake C. H.
Laporte.
9,237 Bedford.
2,442 Andersontown.
[Plymouth.
7,181 Indianapolis.
2,01 01 Mount Pleasant.
I Peru.
f!,57 Bloomington.
7,376! Crawfordsville.
5,579! Martinsville.
lAugusta.
7,909| Paoli.
4,0G0 Spencer.
7,534'RockvilIe.
3,378 Rome.
2,464 Petersburgh.
iV^alparaiso.
6,8f 3 Mount Vernon.
3,195|GreencaRtIe.
3,912 Winchester.
3,957iVersai]lcs.
9,918 RushviUe.
3,097 Lexington.
6,294 Shelbyville.
3,187tRockport.
287|Soulh Bentl.
I Angola.
4,696! Merom.
7,111 Vovay.
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &C.
Counties
Tippecanoe,,
Union,
Vanderburg-,
Vermillion,. ,
Vigo,
Wabash,. ..
Warren, . . . ,
Warrick,. . .
Washington,
Wayne,
Wells, ,
White,
Whitley,
Date. Sq.m.jPo. 1830 County seats.
1 826
1821
1818
1823
1818
1832
1828
1813
1813
1810
1837
1836
1838
5n4!
1681
7,167
7.957
225 2,610
2nO
400
415
350
360
540
420
372
530
324
5,706
5,737
2,854
2,973
13,072
23,344
Lafayette.
Liberty.
Evansville.
Newport.
Terre Haute.
Wabash.
Williamspori.
Boonville.
Salepa.
Ceptreville.
IVTonlicello.
To give some idea of the surprising increase of
population and wealth, since the early settlement
of the state, the following tables are inserted.
In the year 1800, the territory at present occupied by the
slate of Indiana, contained a population of 2,641
1810, 24,520
1820, 147,178
1825, 222,000
1830, 341 ,582
1838, it is estimated at, 700,000
Increase from 1800 to 1810, ,. 21,879
1810 1820 122,658
1820 1825, 74,822
i82S 1830, 119,582
1830 1838, eatiraated, ,...,. .358,4ia
The followinor statement is taken from the Annual
o
Report of the Auditor to the General Assembly,
December 8, 1837, exhibiting the number of polls,
the value of lands and improvements taxed, the to-
tal amount of taxables, and the gross amount of
B*
10
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &:C.
revenue, at the rate of 15 cents on the one hundred
dollars, and 50 cents on each poll, in the respective
counties, for 1837: —
Vo of ^'^''^'* "' ''^"''
Poll • ' '^^^ iinprovi
Counties.
Allen
Adams,
Bartholomew,
Booiie,
Brown,
Clark,
Clay,
Crawford,. . . .
Carroll,
Cass,
Clinton,
Dearborn,. . . ,
Decatur,
Daviess,
Dubois
Delaware,. . . .
De Kalb,
Elkhart,
Fayelte,
Floyd,.
Franklin
Fountain,. . . .
Fulton,
Gibson ,
Greene,
Grant,
Hamilton,. . . ,
Harrison,
Hendricks,... .
Henry,
Hancock,. . . .
Huntington,. .
Jackson,
Jelicrson,
Jennings,
Johnson
Jay,
Knox,
j merits taxed.
Total amount of I Gross amt.
; Taxables. lof Reven.
Kosciusko,
Lawrence,,. ....... I
756
117
1,097
895
226
1,72 i
533
560
1.164
853
800
2,333
1,406
864
352
982
184
845
1,446
1,403
1,689
1,713
126
1,131
740
455
1,004
1,471
1,470
1,874
920
213
980
2,058
980
1,194
213
1,343
437
1,480
$ cts.
476,647
7,600
874,294
131,357
8,152
1,735,712
208,907
674,795
32:^,126
638 2.09
2,510,521
1,400,225
369,067
102,715
296,279
383 798
2,295,637
1,(192,404 50
1,87.5,198
1,378,060
66.882 77
714,'il8
222,204
146,695
332.767
9.55,873
912,334
1,585,302
41R187
7,260
406,919
3,037,825
495,337
809,085
1,040
1,022,106
21,981
1,078,214
$ Ct3.
1,143,402
25,491
1,329.455 13
418,829
51,529 .
2,869,175
270,317 27
381,4^4
l,0fi2,.593
827,567
880,489
4,048,509
1,72.5,410
635,237
227,911
534.295
14,439
698,-588
3,132,095
3005.221
2,621,271
2,001,775
100,089 77
1, -='7 1, 886
425,014
208 888 50
6115,023
1,371,187
1,366,031
2,13 ,725
627,041 03
46,653
753,590
3,986,950
810.838
1,208,925
18,936
2,019,111
132,123
1,639,423
COUNTIES, POPULATION, &C.
11
Counties,
*Lagrange,
Laporte,
Lake,
Madison,
Marion,
Martin .
Monroe,
Montgomery,
Morgun,
Miami,
Marshall,
No!)le,
Newton,
Orange,
Owen,
Parke,
Perry,
Pike,
Posey,
Putnam,
Porter,
Pulaski,
Randolph, .......
Ripley,
Rudh,
Scott,
Shelby,
Spencer,
Switzerland,
St. Joseph,
Stark
Sullivan,
Steuben,
Tippecanoe,
Union,
Vanderburg,
Vermillion,
Vigo,
Warrick,
Washington,
Wayne,
Warren,
White,
Wabash,
Wells,
No. of
Polls
Value of land
and improve-
ments taxed.
Total amount of
Taxables.
252
1,491
226
1,123
2,203
392
1,200
2,043
1,237
304
173
246
1,152
834
1,563
583
512
1,159
1,986
321
1,196
1,058
2,074
515
1,629
629
i,y64
995
919
3] 2
2,146
1,014
812
],179
1,638
675
1,890
2,974
858
276
228
93
$ cts.
6,427 96
1,122,326
77,788 88
381,278
1,976,8511
79,915
586.468
2,225,147
807,213
182,418
93,979
568,896
365,611
1,329,159
295,482
195.434
764,105
1,3911,647
76,910
578,094
581,367
2,593,661
199,115
1,143,750
348,423
1,071,350
704,834
402,740
2,029,771
1,515,536
666,713
584,977
1,053,165
213,207
1,370,503
3,299,113
766,290
81,262
7J,744
4,786
$ cts.
71,571 46
2,047,048
149,595 88
603,850
3,621,156
171,000
1,041,5.52
3,190,975
1,191.570
284,419
155,912 48
60,806
1,020,787
609,289
1,895,545
5' 11,557
385,061
1,454,288
2,034,737
187,676
52
741,943
86 ',748
3,479,020
332,207
1,599,195
:22,949
1,535,855
1,305,315
716,621
63,712
3,613,928
1,929,538
1,661,005
1,130,060
2,368,759 50
4J6,082 58
2,33.%032
4,780,478
1,188724
153,863 50
138,549 50
13,602
.8-?,92l 61,033,425 11 .'98,441,063 12 149,415 13
* Iii(;omi>lete.
12 COUNTIES, POPULATION, &C.
In the above statement, Blackford, Jasper, New-
ton, Pulaski, Stark and Whitley counties, are not
mentioned, being at the time unorganized, and con-
nected with other counties.
At first view, the estimate of 700,000 inhabitants
at the present time, may seem incredible ; but the
last official returns of the assessment of taxable
property made from the several counties in the state,
sufficiently indicate the increase of population to
remove all distrust of the correctness of the estimate.
These returns show, that the taxable polls of 1830
amounted to 52,196 ; the same for 1835, amounted
to 64,289 ; for 1837, to 85,000.
It will be perceived from this, that the increase
of the last two years amounts to 20,711 polls, whilst
the increase of the five preceding years amounts to
only 12,093 — showing an astonishing increase of
emigration from year to year, which will doubtless
continue years to come.
SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
STATE OF INDIANA.
ADAMS COUNTY.— Organized in 1836; con-
tains about 336 square miles ; bounded north by-
Allen county, east by the state of Ohio, south by
Jay, west by Wells, counties. Population about 300.
Soil, desirable for cultivation. The river St. Mary's
flows through the north part, and the Wabash
through the south part of tlie county. Decatur is
the county seat.
ALLEN COUNTY.— Organized in 1824; con-
tains an area of 650 square miles ; bounded north
by De Kalb and Noble counties, east by the state
of Ohio, south by Adams and Wells, west by Whit-
ley and Huntington counties. The face of the
country is generally level and well timbered ; there
are, however, some wet prairies, which are highly
prized for the heavy growth of grass, which serves
the new settlers for hay and winter pasture for
their cattle ; — ultimately, these prairies will doubt-
less be made very valuable by draining. Streams,
the St. Joseph's from the north, and the St. Mary's
from the south, unite at Fort Wayne, and form the
Mauraee, which takes an easterly direction to Lake
14 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
Erie — Little river in the western part of the
county, and numerous creeks. The Wabash and
Erie Canal, which will connect Lake Erie at To-
ledo with the Ohio river at Evansville — and the
Michigan and Illinois Canal, forming a junction
with the Wabash and Erie Canal at Fort Wayne,
extends to, and connects with, a similar undertaking
in the state of Illinois. Fort Wayne is the county
seat. It is situated on the south side of Maumee
river, high and beautiful, commanding a view of the
surrounding country. In the midst of a rich and
fertile country, with the advantages of canals and
navigable rivers, it cannot fail to become one of the
most important commercial towns in the state. Its
present population is about l,oOO.
BARTHOLOMEW COUNTY.— Organized in
1821 ; contains 396 square miles ; bounded north
by Johnson and Shelby, east by Decatur, south by
Jennings and Jackson, west by Brown, counties.
The principal streams are the East Fork of White
river, Flat Rock and Clifty creeks. A rail-road
from Indianapolis to Madison passes through the
county a distance of 23 miles ; and the rail-road
from Jeffersonville to Indianapolis forms a j unction
at Columbus, the county seat. There is consider-
able broken and hilly land in the county, but it is
generally fertile ; and in the neighbourhood of
White river and its tributaries especially, it is very
excellent.
BLACKFORD COUNTY.— Estabhshed Feb.,
1838. Population about 150 — containing about 182
square miles ; bounded north by Wells, south by
Delaware, east by Jay, west by Grant, counties.
The soil is mostly susceptible of cultivation — the
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 15
southern portion, especially, is considered excellent
land. The Salamanie river is the principal stream,
besides which there are several small creeks.
MoNTPELiER is the principal town.
BOONE COUNTY.— Organized in 1830; con-
tains 408 square miles ; bounded north by Clinton,
east by Hamilton, south by Marion and Hendricks,
west by Montgomery, counties. Surface, generally
level. Soil, excellent ; forest land interspersed with
prairie, wet and dry. The branches of the Raccoon
and Sugar creeks are the principal streams. Leba-
non is the county seat.
BROWN COUNTY.— Recently organized;
contains 310 square miles ; bounded north by Mor-
gan and Johnson, east by Bartholomew, south by
Jackson and Lawrence, and west by Monroe, coun-
ties. Streams — Salt creek is the principal, and
many smaller, its tributaries. Surface, undulating
and hilly; soil, productive. Nashville is the
county seat.
CARROLL COUNTY.— Organized in 1828;
contains 380 square miles ; bounded north by White
and Cass counties, east by Cass county and the
Miami Reserve, south by Clinton, west by Tippe-
canoe and White counties. Surface, generally level ;
the largest portion timber, but considerable prairie
land. Deer Prairie is the laro;^est and most beauti-
ful. Near Delphi, the county seat, there is a re-
markable spring of water of a reddish colour. Prin-
cipal water courses are the Wabash river. Deer,
Rock and Wildcat creeks. The county is in-
creasing rapidly in population and improvement.
The Wahash and Krie Canal passes through it.
CASS COUNTY.— Organized in 1829; con-
16 sketches; of each count v
tains 415 square miles ; bounded north by Pulaski
and Fulton, east by Miami, south by Carroll county
and Miami Reserve, west by Carroll and White
counties. The face of the country is generally
level ; it abounds with springs of excellent water,
and the streams are sufficiently rapid to furnish
great facilities for mills and machinery of every
description. The principal streams are the Wabash
and Eel rivers, which unite at Logansport, the
county seat — a large and flourishing town. The
Wabask and Erie Canal passes through this county.
CLARKE COUNTY.— Organized in 1802; con-
tains an area of 400 square miles ; bounded north
by Jefferson and Scott counties, east and south by
the Ohio river, west by Floyd and AVashington
counties. Surface, rolHng, but not hilly, except the
bluffs bordering the Ohio and its tributaries. Be-
sides the Ohio, are numerous small streams, the
most important of which are Silver and Fourteen
Mile creeks. A rail-road from Jefferson villa to
Indianapolis, and one from Jefferson ville to New-
Albany, are located through this county. Charles-
ton is the county seat.
CLAY COUNTY.— Organized in 1825; con-
tains 360 square miles; bounded north by Parke,
east by Putnam and Owen, south by Greene, west
by Sullivan and Vigo counties. Principal streams
are Eel river. Birch, Otter, Cross and Jordan creeks.
It has a fair proportion of good land for cultivation,
the largest portion heavily timbered ; in the south-
western part are some beautiful prairies. The
Ci'oss Cut Canal passes through the county diago-
nally, and forms a junction with the Central Canal
IN THE STATE OF INDIAXA. 17
in Greene county. Bowling-Green is the county
seat.
CLINTON COUNTY.— Organized in 1830;
contains 432 square miles ; bounded north by Car-
roll county and the Miami Reservation, east by
Miami Reservation and Hamilton county, south by
Boone, west by Montgomery and Tippecanoe coun-
ties. Chief streams, middle fork and south fork
of the Wild Cat, Sugar creek, and some smaller
ones. Surface, generally level — and, excepting the
" Twelve mile prairie," is timbered. Soil, rich and
fertile. Frankfort is the county seat.
CRAWFORD COUNTY.— Organized in 1S18;
contains about 300 square miles ; bounded north by
Orange and Washington, east by Harrison county,
south by Ohio river and Perry county, v\est by Du-
bois county. Surface, hilly and broken. The prin-
cipal streams are the Ohio and Blue rivers, which
wash the borders of the county on the south and
east — Little Blue river, and other smaller streams.
The rail- road from New- Albany to Mount Carmel,
111., is located through this county. Fredonia, on
the Ohio, is the countv seat.
DAVIESS COUNTY.— Organized in 1816;
contains 420 square miles ; bounded north by
Greene, east by Martin, counties, south by the East
Fork of White river, wdiich dividers it from Pike
and Dubois counties, west by the west fork of
White river, which divides it from Knox county.
The principal streams are the east and west
branches of White river — Prairie, Smothers, Veal,
Aikman's and Sugar creeks. White river affords
steamboat navigation about six months in the year.
The whole county may be considered good farming
Bl
18 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
land. The northern portion is level — the eastern
and southern undulating, but not hilly. There are
many fine prairies — the principal of which are
Steele, Hawkins' and Owl prairies. The 31ac
Adamized road from New- Albany to Vincennes, is
located through the centre of the county from east
to west, and the Central Canal from north to south.
"Washington, the county seat, is a flourishing town
of about 800 inhabitants, and rapidly increasing.
DEARBORN COUNTY.— Organized in 1802;
contains about 380 square miles ; bounded north by
Franklin county, east by the state of Ohio and Ohio
river, south by Switzerland, and west by Ripley,
counties. The principal streams, besides the Ohio,
are the Great Miami and White Water rivers —
Laughery, Tanner's and Hogan's creeks. Surface,
rather hilly and broken, with rich bottom lands on
the rivers. White Water Canal, and the Law-
renceburgh and Indianapolis Rail-Road terminate
at Lawrenceburgh, the county seat.
DECATUR COUNTY.— Organized in 1821 ;
contains 340 square miles; bounded north by Rush,
east by Franklin, south by Ripley and Jennings,
west by Bartholomew and Shelby counties. Sur-
face, gently undulating and well timbered. Soil,
adapted to grain ; very little waste land in the coun-
ty. Flat Rock, Clifty and Sand creeks, are good
mill streams. The Lawrenceburgh and Indian-
apolis Rail-Road is located through the county.
Greensburgh is the county seat.
DE KALB COUNTY.— Recently organized;
contains 365 square miles ; bounded north by Steu-
ben county, east by state of Ohio, south by Allen,
west by Noble, counties. Principal streams, the
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 19
St. Joseph's of the Manmee, Cedar, Little Cedar,
Fish, Buck and Bear creeks. Auburn is the coun-
ty seat.
DELAWARE COUNT Y.— Organized in 1S27 ;
contains 384 square miles ; bounded north by Grant
and Blackford, east by Jay and Randolph, south by
Henry, west by Madison, counties. Surface, gene-
rally level ; soil, productive. Principal streams,
west fork of White, and the Mississinewa rivers;
besides which are several considerable streams, as
Bell creek. Buck creek, &c. From Muncietown,
the county seat, there is a canal located west.
DUBOIS COUNTY.— Organized in 1817; con-
tains 432 square miles ; bounded north by Daviess
and Martin, east by Orange and Crawford, south
by Perry, Sjjencer and Wariick, west by Pike,
counties. Principal streams, the east fork of
White river, on the northern boundary ; Patoka
and Huntley's creeks. Strait river, &c. Surface,
rolling — some parts hilly ; soil, good. The New-
Albany and Mount Carmel Rail-Road is located
through this county. Jasper is the county seat.
ELKHART COUNTY.— Organized in 1830;
contains 460 square miles ; bounded north by the
state of Michigan, east by Lagrange and Noble
counties, south by Kosciusko, and west by Marshall
and St. Joseph counties. Rivers, the St. Joseph and
Elkhart are the principal ; tributary to these are
Little Elkhart river. Pine, Turkey, Yellow, Chris-
tian and Baubawgo creeks. The Northern Canal,
and the Buffalo and Mississippi Rail-Road, pass
through this county. ** In no county in the state
are the proportions of prairie, oak openings and
timbered lands, more convenient than in Elkhart.
20 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
No county is better watered with springs and un-
failing streams. In its scenery, there is nothing
grand or sublime ; but in the spring and summer,
when clad in the freshness and splendour of ver-
dure and flowers, nothing can surpass it in beauty.
Through the oak openings, far as the eye can ex-
tend, and over the broad surface of the prairies, is
si^read out a carpet of green, decorated with flowers
of every hue ; the smooth surface of its streams,
and of its small, clear lakes, here and there inter-
spersed, and the bold line of forest trees, which form
the back ground of the prairie view ; — these are fea-
tures, which, when combined, give to the face of
nature an aspect of tranquil repose." Goshen is
the county seat, pleasantly situated on the Elkhart
river, near the centre of the county, and on the bor-
der of the Elkhart prairie.
FAYETTE COUNTY.— Organized in 1818;
contains 200 square miles ; bounded north by Henry
and Wayne, east by Union, south by Franklin, west
by Rush, counties. Surface, agreeably rolling ; soil,
rich. Principal streams, the west branch of the
White Water, and the creeks flowing into it. The
White Water Canal passes through the county.
CoNNERSViLLE is the county seat.
FLOYD COUNTY.— Organized in 1S19; con-
tains an area of 144 square miles ; bounded north
by Washington and Clarke, east by Clarke county
and the Ohio river, south and west by Harrison
county. The Ohio flows along its southern boun-
dary, and Silver creek divides it from Clarke coun-
ty on the east — Big and Little Indian creeks, ^c.
Surface, various ; soil, rather inferior. New- Al-
bany, on the Ohio river, about 2 miles below the
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 21
falls, is the county seat. It is a very enterprising
and important town, estimated to contain about
6,000 inhabitants. Here are several large iron
and brass foundries, factories and mills of various
kinds ; steamboat building is carried on to consider-
able extent ; there are many schools and seminaries
of learningr of a hig-h order. A rail-road is chartered
from Mount Carmel, 111., to this place ; also, a Mac
Adamized road from this place to Vincennes, and
another to Crawfordsville, and a rail-road to Jeffer-
sonville.
FOUNTAIN COUNTY.— Organized in 1S25 ;
contains 390 square miles ; bounded north by War-
ren, east by Tippecanoe and Montgomery, south by
Parke, west by Vermillion and Warren counties.
Principal streams, the Wabash on the western and
northern boundaries ; Coal creek and Shawnee
creek, and their tributaries, in the interior, which
afford abundant facilities for mills, &c. Surface, un-
dulating— largest j^ortion is woodland, but there are
many beautiful prairies; soil, very excellent. The
WabasJi and E?ie Canal passes through the county.
Covington is the county seat.
FRANKLIN COUNTY.— Organized in ISIO;
contains an atea of 400 square miles ; bounded north
by Fayette and Union counties, east by the state
of Ohio, south by Dearborn and Ripley, west by De-
catur and Rush counties. The eastern part of the
county is rolling, the western level — the eastern and
northern section is considered most fertile. Princi-
pal water courses, the east and west branches of
the White Water, which unite at Brookville, near
the centre of the county, affording immense water
power; besides which are Salt creek, Pipe creek,
Bl*
22 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
Big Cedar Grove creek, &c. Brookville is the
county seat. The White Water Canal passes
through the county,
FULTON COUNTY.— Recently organized;
contains 350 square miles ; bounded north by Mar-
shall, east by Kosciusko and Miami, south by Cass,
west by Pulaski, counties. Surface, generally level.
Principal streams, Tippecanoe river, Mill creek and
Mud creek. Rochester is the county seat.
GIBSON COUNTY.— Organized in 1813; con-
tains 450 square miles ; bounded north by Knox
and Pike, east by Pike and Warrick, south by War-
rick, Vanderburg and Posey, west by the Wabash
river. Surface, rolling and timbered. Principal
streams, the Wabash on the west. White on the north ;
Patoka passing through the centre, and Big Pigeon
creek in the southern part of the county. Prince-
ton is the county seat. The rail-road from Evans-
ville to Terre Haute, and one also from New-
Albany to Mount Carmel, 111., are located through
this county.
GRANT COUNTY.— Organized in 1831; con-
tains an area of 415 square miles; bounded north
by Wabash and Huntington, east by Wells and
Blackford, south by Delav/are and Madison counties
and the Miami Reservation, west by the Miami
Reservation. Surface, generally level and mostly
timbered. The water courses are the Mississinewa
and its tributaries. The Cential CrmaZ is located
through the county. Marion is the county seat.
GREENE COUNTY.— Organized in 1821;
contains an area of 540 square miles; bounded north
by Clay and Owen, east by Monroe and Lawrence,
south by Martin, Daviess and Knox, and west by
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 23
Sullivan, counties. Principal streams, White river,
Eel river, and Richland creek. The west fork
of White river passes through the county near the
centre, north and south, and is navigable the v\^hole
extent; east of this river the surface is rather hilly,
west it is level, on the river particularly the soil is
very rich. Bloomfield is the county town. The
Central C«72«Z is located through the county; and
the Cross Cut Canal from Point Commerce con-
nects the Central Canal with the Wahasli and Erie
Canal at Terre Haute.
HAMILTON COUNTY.— Organized in 1S23;
contains an area of about 400 square miles ; bound-
ed north by the Miami Reservation, east by Madi-
son, south by Hancock and Marion, west by Boone
and Clinton counties. Principal streams, the west
fork of Wiiite river, and its tributaries ; Cicero,
Coal, Stoney, Fall creeks, &c. There are some
prairies ; along the river the land is well timbered.
The Central Canal is located through the county.
NoBLESViLLE is the county seat.
HANCOCK COUNTY.— Organized in 1828;
contains an area of 310 square miles ; bounded north
by Hamilton and Madison, east by Henry and Rush,
south by Shelby, west by Marion, counties. Princi-
pal streams, Blue river, Sugar creek and Brandy-
wine, affording excellent mill sites. Surface, gene-
rally level, or gently rolling ; soil, good and heavy
timbered. Greenfield is the county seat.
HARRISON COUNTY.— Organized in 1808;
contains 470 square miles; bounded north by Wash-
ington, east by Floyd county and the Ohio river,
south by the Ohio, and west by the Ohio and Craw-
ford county. Principal streams, Ohio river. Blue
24 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
river, Big and Little Indian creeks, and Buck creek.
Some portions of the country are hilly, others undu-
lating, and some level. Soil, on the streams rich, on
the high grounds not so good. Corydon is the
county seat. The rail-road from New-Albany to
Mount Carmel, 111., is located through this county.
HENDRICKS COUNTY.— Organized inlS23;
contains 380 square miles ; bounded north by Boone,
east by Marion, south by Morgan, west by Putnam
and Montgomery counties. Surface, rolling and well
timbered; soil, productive. The principal water
courses are \Yhite Lick, some of the upper branches
of Eel river, and Mud creek, which furnish good
mill privileges. A Mac Adamized road from Indian-
apolis to Crawfordsville, is located through this
county. Danville is the county seat.
HENRY COUNTY.— Organized in 1821; con-
tains 385 square miles ; bounded north by Delaware,
east by Randolph and Wayne, south by Fayette and
Rush, west by Hancock and Madison counties. Sur-
face, generally level — some parts a little broken —
mostly woodland, but some prairies. The county
is well supplied with springs of pure water, and the
streams are sufficiently rapid to furnish many mill
sites. Flat Rock, Blue river and Fall creek, are the
principal streams. Neav-Castle is the county seat.
HUNTINGTON COUNTY.— Organized in
1832 ; contains 384 square miles ; bounded north by
Whitley, east by Allen and Wells, south by Wells
and Grant, west by Wabash, counties. Soil, very
good — some prairies, but generally forest land. Sur-
face, on the rivers level, back it is undulating.
Principal rivers, Salamania, Little river, and the
Wabash. The Wabash and the Erie Canal passes
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 25
through the county. Huntington is the county
seat.
JACKSON COUNTY.— Organized in 1815;
contains 500 square miles ; bounded north by Brown
and Bartholomew, east by Jennings, south by Scott
and Washington, west by Lawrence and Monroe
counties. Principal streams, Muscatatack, Drift-
wood, or east fork of White river, White creek,
Salt creek, &c. Surface, rolling; soil, good.
Brownstown is the county seat. The Ohio and
Indianapolis Rail-Road is located through the
county.
JASPER COUNTS.— Recently established;
contains 700 square miles ; bounded north by New-
ton, east by White, south by WaiTen, counties, and
west by the state of Illinois. It is principally prairie,
interspersed with groves of timber. The principal
stream is the Iroquois river, in the northern part of
the county, which is navigable in high water — in
the southern part of the county are Pine creek,
Sugar creek, &c.
JAY COUNTY.— Organized in 1836; contains
about 370 square miles ; bounded north by Adams
and Wells counties, east by the state of Ohio, south
by Randolph, west by Blackford and Delaware
counties. Population, about 300. Soil, generally
good. Portland is the county seat.
JEFFERSON COUNTY.— Organized in 1809;
contains 360 square miles ; bounded north by Jen-
nings and Ripley, east by Switzerland, counties,
south by the Ohio river and Scott county, west by
Scott and Jennings counties ; watered by the Ohio
river, Muscatatack, Indian Kentucky creek, Big
creek, Lewis creek, &;c. It presents a great variety
2G SKETCHRS OF EACH COUNTY
of surface. Soil, generally very productive. Madi-
son, a large, iiourisbing and important town, is the
county seat. A rail road is located from Madison
to Indianapolis, and the great Michigan road through
the state commences here.
JENNINGS COUNTY.— Organized in 1816;
contains 380 square miles ; bounded north by Bar-
tholomew and Decatur, east by Ripley, south by
Jefferson and Scott, west by Jackson and Bartholo-
mew counties. Surface, in some parts hilly. Soil,
rich and productive. The most important streams
are Graham's fork and north fork of the Musca-
tatack river, and Sand creek, which afford numerous
mill sites, many of which are already improved.
The Madison and Indianapolis Rail-Road is located
through the county. Vernon is the county seat.
JOHNSON COUNTY.— Organized in 1822;
contains 320 square miles ; bounded north by Ma-
rion, east by Shelby, south by Bartholomew and
Brown, west by Morgan, counties. Streams, Sugar
creek. Young's creek, Indian creek, Stott's creek,
&c. This county is fast improving; its surface is
undulating ; soil, remarkably fertile. The Madison
and Indianapolis Rail-Road is located through it.
Franklin is the county seat.
KNOX COUNTY.— Organized in 1802; con-
tains 540 square miles ; bounded north by Sullivan
and Greene, east by Daviess, south by Pike and Gib-
son, west by the Wabash river. In this county are
found some tracts of prairie, which are very fine
and valuable — but the largest portion is forest land.
The soil almost universally is rich and productive.
The Wabash on the western, the White on the
southern, and the west fork of the White river on
^ IN THE STATE OF INDIAxXA. 27
its eastern border, are the principal streams — inte-
rior, Deshee river, Marie creek, &c. Vincennes
is the county seat. There is a Mac Adamized road
chartered from Vincennes to New- Albany — and the
rail-road from Evansville to Terra Haute, is located
through the county.
KOSCIUSCO COUNT Y.— Organized recently ;
contains 567 square miles ; bounded north by Elk-
hart, east by Noble and -Whitley, south by Wabash,
Miami and Fulton, west by Fulton and Marshall
counties. Surface, undulating; soil, fertile. There
are dry prairies nearly in the centre of the county,
containing about 8 square miles, and some in the
northern part of the county — considerable wet
prairie, and many beautiful lakes. Tippecanoe
river is the principal stream — there are many small
streams, some of which furnish mill privileges.
Warsaw is the county seat.
LAGRANGE COUNTY.— Organized in 1S32 ;
contains 380 square miles ; bounded north by the
state of Michigan, east by Steuben, south by Noble,
west by Elkhart, counties; northern part mostly
prairie, southern chiefly forest. Surface, moderately
rolling; soil, good. Population, fast increasing.
Fawn, Pigeon and Little Elkhart rivers, are the
principal streams — besides there are numerous
creeks and lakes. Lima is the county seat. The
Buffalo and Mississippi Rail-Road is located through
the county.
LAKE COUNTY.— Recently organized; con-
tains 468 square miles ; bounded north by Lake
Michigan, east by Porter, south by Newton, west by
the state of Illinois. Surface, on the lake are bluffs
and sand hills — along the Calumic and Kankakee
rivers it is marshy — remainder, prairie and wood-
28 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
land, and generally level. Principal streams, the two
branches of the Calumic river and Deep river in
the northern part — and from the interior are West,
Cedar and Eagle creeks, flowing into the Kanka-
kee, which runs along its entire southern border.
The Mississippi and Buffalo Rail-Road is located
through the county, and a proposed canal from the
Northern Canal at Valparaiso, in Porter county, to
unite with the Illinois Canal. Lake C. H. is the
county seat.
LAPORTE COUNTY.— Organized in 1832;
contains 460 square miles ; bounded north by the
state of Michigan, east by St. Joseph, south by
Stark, west by Porter county and Lake Michigan.
Surface, gently undulating, and abounds with rich
prairies, interspersed with groves of timber and
lakes of clear water; soil, productive. Principal
streams, the Kankakee and Little Kankakee rivers,
G allien river and Trail creek. L aporte and Michi-
gan City are the chief towns, the former of which
is the county seat. The Buffalo and Mississippi
Rail-Road and Northern Canal are located through
the county.
LAWRENCE COUNTY.— Organized in 1818;
contains 438 square miles ; bounded north by Mon-
roe, east by Jackson and Washington, south by
Orange, west by Martin and Greene counties.
Principal streams, the east fork of White river,
Salt, Guthrie's, Beaver, Leatherwood creeks, &c.,
(good mill streams.) Surface is generally hilly.
Bedford is the county seat. The New-Albany
and Crawfordsville Mac Adamized road is located
through the county.
MADISON COUNTY.— Organized in 1823;
contains about 390 square miles ; bounded north by
'# IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 29
Miami Reserve and Grant county, east by Dela-
ware and Henry, south by Hancock, west by Ha.-
rnilton, counties. Principal streams, west fork of
White river, (a navigable stream,) and its tributa-
ries ; Pipe, Killbuck, Fall and Lick creeks, are fine
mill streams. Surface, generally level and timber-
ed— some wet prairie. Andersontown is the
county seat. Central Canal passes through the
county.
MARSHALL COUNT Y.-Recently organized ;
contains 440 square miles ; bounded north by St.
Joseph, east by Elkhart and Kosciusko, south by
Fulton, west by Stark and St. Joseph counties.
Principal streams. Yellow river, running nearly
through the centre, and the Tippecanoe, in the
southern section of the county — besides these, are
numerous smaller streams, as Pine creek, Eagle
creek. Wolf creek, &c. There are several lakes,
the largest of which is Maxinenkkee, near the
southwestern corner of the county. Plymouth is
the county seat, situated on Yellov\^ river, near the
centre of the county.
MARION COUNTY.— Organized in 1821;
contains 400 square miles ; bounded north by Hamil-
ton, east by Hancock and Shelby, south by John-
son and Morgan, west by Hendricks. Principal
streams, west fork of White river. Fall creek,
Eagle creek, and several smaller creeks. Surface,
level and heavily timbered ; soil, of the choicest
quality. Indianapolis, the seat of government, is
situated on White river, in the centre of the county.
Nearly all the rail-roads and Mac Adamized roads of
the state centre in or pass through this place, as
also does the Central Canal.
b2
30 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
MARTIN COUNTY.— Organized in 1818;
contains 300 square miles ; bounded north by
Greene, east by Lawrence and Orange, south by
Dubois, west by Daviess, counties. The east fork
of White river, in its windings through the county,
waters a large portion of it — Lick, Beaver, Indian,
Bognes and Firbt creeks, afford abundant water
power. East of White river, the surface is broken
and hilly — on the west, level, or gently undulating,
with portions of barrens and prairies. Mount
Pleasant is the county seat. The Mac Adamized
road from New- Albany to Vincennes is located
through the county.
MIAMI COUNTY.— Organized in 1832 ; con-
tains 380 square miles ; bounded north by Fulton
and Koscuisko, east by Wabash, south by Miami
Reservation, Avest by Miami Reservation and Cass
and Fulton counties. Principal streams — the Wa-
bash and Eel rivers flow through the county from
east to west ; the Mississinewa empties into the
Wabash from the south, about the centre of the
county — they are all navigable for light boats —
there are besides several small creeks. The face of
the country is beautiful, chiefly forest — but inter-
spersed with small prairies. Soil very excellent.
The Wabash and Erie Canal passes through the
county near the centre. Peru is the county seat.
MONROE COUNTY.— Organized in 1818;
contains 420 square miles ; bounded north by Mor-
gan, east by Brown and Jackson, south by Law-
rence, and west by Greene and Owen counties.
Salt, Clear and Bean Blossom creeks, are the princi-
pal streams — salt of a superior quality is made on Salt
creek. Surface, undulating and hilly ; soil, not first
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 31
rate. Bloomington is the county seat. Indiana
College is located on the College lands, adjacent to
Bloomington. The New- Albany and Crawfords-
ville MacAdamised road, passes through this place.
MONTGOMERY COUNTY.— Organized in
1822 ; contains 504 square miles ; bounded north
by Tippecanoe, east by Clinton, Boone and Hen-
dricks, south by Putnam and Parke, and west by
Parke and Fountain counties. Principal streams,
Sugar creek, Big and Little Raccoon creeks — and
besides, there are numerous small streams. The
northern part a great portion of the land is prairie;
the middle and southern portions, timbered — the
whole is gently undulating and the soil rich.
Crawfoudsville is the county seat, a Mac Adamized
road, from Indianapolis to Lafayette passes through
this town, and another from New- Albany terminates
here.
MORGAN COUNTY.— Organized in 1S21 ;
contains 453 square miles ; bounded north by Hen-
dricks and Marion, east by Johnson, south by
Brown and Monroe, west by Owen and Putnam
counties. Principal streams, west fork of White
river, which is navigable. White Lick, IMill, Big
Indian, Stotts creeks, and others. Surface, generally
rolling, sometimes hilly, but the soil is very produc-
tive. Martinsville is the county seat. Central
Canal passes through the county diagonally from
southwest to northeast.
NEWTON COUNTY.— Recently formed; con-
tains 640 square miles ; bounded north by Lake and
Porter, east by Stark and Pulaski, south by White
and Jasper counties, and west by the state of Il-
linois. A large proportion is rich prairie, gently un-
32 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
(lulating. The principal stream is the Iroquois or
Pickamink river in the south part of the county. In
section 30, town 29, range 6 west, there are falls in
this river of 10 or 12 feet.
NOBLE COUNTY.— Recently organized; con-
tains 432 square miles; bounded north by Lagrange,
east by De Kalb, south by Allen and Whitley, west
by Kosciusko and Elkhart counties. Principal
streams, Elkhart and Tippecanoe rivers ; there are
also many lakes. The Northern Canal is located
through the county. Augusta is the county seat.
ORANGE COUNTY.— Organized in 1815;
contains 400 square miles; bounded north by Law-
rence, east by Washington, south by Crawford,
west by Dubois and Martin counties. Lost river,
Lick and Patoka creeks, are the chief streams, af-
fording in many places good mill privileges. Sur-
face, hilly and broken. Paoli is the county seat.
The Mac Adamized road from New- Albany to Vin-
cennes, is located through the county.
OWEN COUNTY.— Organized'in 1818; con-
tains an area of 396 square miles ; bounded north
by Putnam and Morgan, east by Morgan and Mon-
roe, south by Greene, west by Clay, counties. Sur-
face, gently undulating; soil, good and well tim-
bered. The west fork of White river flows throuoh
o
the county, receiving the water of numerous creeks,
which run into it — Mill creek, and one of the upper
forks of Eel river, afford great water power in a
region of iron ore. Spencer is the county seat.
Central Canal crosses the southeast corner of the
county.
PARKE COUNTY.— Organized in 1821 ; con-
tains 450 square miles ; bounded north by Fountain
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 33
and Montgomery, east by Montgomery and Put-
nam, south by Glay and Vigo, west by Vermillion,
counties. Surface, level, extensive prairies, but the
greatest portion is timbered land; soil, rich. Big
Raccoon, Little Raccoon, Leatherwood and Sugar
creeks, are the principal water courses, all of which
flow into the Wabash, which runs the whole extent
of its western boundary. Rockville is the county
seat. The Wabash and Erie Canal is located
through this county.
PERRY COUNTY.— Organized in 1814; con-
tains 400 square miles; bounded north by Dubois
and Crawford, east by Crawford and the Ohio river,
south by the Ohio, west by Spencer and Dubois
counties. Watered by the Ohio river, Anderson's
creek, Deer, Bear, Oil, Poison creeks, in the inte-
rior. On the borders of these streams is much excel-
lent land — the high lands are broken and hilly, and
the soil inferior. Rome is the county seat.
PIKE COUNTY.— Organized in 1816; con-
tains an area of 325 square miles; bounded north
by Knox and Daviess, east by Dubois, south by
Warrick, west by Gibson, counties. Surface, gently
rolling and timbered; soil, rich and productive.
White river runs along the whole length of the
northern boundary, and is navigable — Patoka creek,
through the centre, is navigable in high waters-
South Patoka, Flat creeks, &c. Petersburgh is
the county seat. The rail-road fjom New-Albany
to Mount Carmel, 111., is located through this
county.
PORTER COUNTY.— Lately organized; con-
tains 415 square miles; bounded north by Lake
Michigan, east by Laporte and Stark, south by
b3*
34 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
Newton, west by Lake, counties. vSurface, high and
barren lands on the lake — remainder, generally-
level — marshy on the Kankakee, which runs on its
southern border. There are some small creeks in the
interior, and in the northern part are the Calumic
river. Coffee and Salt creeks. The Buffalo and
Mississippi Rail-Road, the Northern Canal, and a
branch canal to Illinois, are located through the
county, Valparaiso is the county seat.
POSEY COUNTY.— Organized in 1S14; con-
tains about 450 square miles ; bounded north by
Gibson, east by G-ibson and Vanderburg, south by
the Ohio river, west by the Wabash river. Big
creek and Flat creek are the principal interior
streams. Surface, undulating and all forest land ;
soil, productive. Mount Vernon is the county
seat. There is a proposed canal to run from this
place to New-Harmony.
PULASKI COUNTY.— Recently formed. It
contains 342 square miles ; bounded north by
Stark, east by Fulton, south by White, west by
Newton, counties. Besides Tippecanoe river,
which runs through the county from north to
south, and is navigable for flat boats, are several
small creeks. Pulaski is the only town in the coun-
ty. The rail-road from Lafayette to Michigan City,
is located throue^h this county.
PUTNAM COUNTY.— Organized in 1821;
bounded noith by Montgomery, east by Hendricks
and Morgan, south by Owen and Clay, and west by
Clay and Parke counties — containing an area of
486 square miles. The Walnut fork of Eel river,
BijT Raccoon creek and Deer creek, afford excel-
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 35
lent mill sites, and there are many other smaller
f? creams of pure water. Greencastle is the princi-
pal town and county seat, containing a population
of about 1,000, and fast increasing. The Mac Ada-
mized road from New-Albany to Crawfordsville, is
located thiough the county.
RANDOLPH COUNTY.— Organized in 1818;
contains 440 square miles; bounded north by Jay
county, east by the state of Ohio, south by Wayne,
west by Henry and Delaware counties. The princi-
pal water courses are the west fork of White river,
and the Mississinewa river, and their tributaries,
which furnish good mill privileges. Soil, rich ; sur-
face, undulating. W^incpiester is the county seat.
RIPLEY COUNTY.— Organized in 1818; con-
tains an area of 400 square miles ; bounded north
by Decatur and Franklin, east by Dearborn, south
by Switzerland and Jefferson, west by Jennings and
Decatur counties. Surface, generally level forest
land ; soil, good for grain. Laugh ery creek and
Graham's creek, are the principal streams. Ver-
sailles is the county seat. The Lawrenceburgh
and Indianapolis Rail-Road is'located through the
northern part of the county.
RUSH COUNTY.— Organized in 1821 ; con-
tains 410 square miles ; bounded north by Hancock
and Henry, east by Fayette and Franldin, south by
Decatur, west by Shelby and Hancock counties.
Surface, moderately rolling and heavily timbered ;
soil, productive. Big and Little Blue river, and Big
and Little Flat Rock, are the principal streams,
affording sufficient facilities for mills, &c. Rush-
viLLE is the county seat.
SCOTT COUNTY.— Organized in 1817; con-
36 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
tains about 200 square miles; bounded north by r
Jackson and Jennings, east by Jefferson, south by ^
Clarke, west by Washington, counties. Surface, ge-
nerally a little undulating. The chief water courses •,
are the Muscatatack on the north border, Stucker's
fork, Kiinberlin's creek, Pigeon Roost, and Ox's
fork. Lexington is the county seat. The Ohio
and Indianapolis Rail-Road is located through it.
SHELBY COUNTY.— Organized in 1821;
contains 410 square miles ; bounded north by Han-
cock, east by Rush and Decatur, south by Decatur
and Bartholomew, west by Johnson and Marion
counties. Surface, level and timbered; soil, very
fertile. The principal streams are Sugar creek, east
branch of White river. Big and Little Blue river,
and Flat Rock creek, Shklbyville is the county
seat. The Lawrenceburgh and Indianapolis Rail-
Road will pass through this place.
SPENCER COUNTY.— Organized in 1818;
contains 400 square miles ; bounded on the north
by Dubois, east by Perry county and the Ohio, south
by the Ohio, west by Warrick county. Streams,
Anderson's creek on the east, and Little Pigeon in
the west, and Crooked, Big and Little Sandy creeks,
which flow into the Ohio. Surface, tolerably level ;
soil, productive. Rockport is the county seat.
ST. JOSEPH COUNTY, bordering on the state
of Michigan. — Organized in 1830 ; bounded on the
north by the state of Michigan, east by Elkhart,
south by Marshall and Stark, and west by Laporte
counties, and includes an area of about 468 square
miles. It is watered by the St. Joseph's river, a very
beautiful stream of pure water with a rapid cur^
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA.
37
rent — it never overflows its banks, and is navigable
for steamboats to South Bend at all seasons of the
year, and frequently higher up. The Kankakee is
a fine stream in the western part of the county,
which, with several small creeks which empty into
the St. Joseph's, afford abundant facilities for mills
and other machinery. The southeastern section of
the county is mostly forest land— the northwestern
section, chiefly prairie and barrens. Some of the
most beautiful and fertile prairies in the western
country are found in this county, among which are
Portage, Terre Coupee, Sumption, Harris, Pal-
mer's,°&c. There are also extensive marshes, which
are of a deep vegetable formation, and capable of
being drained and made the best of meadow land.
South Bend is the county seat, delightfully situated
on a high bluff on the south side of St. Joseph's
river, with a population of about 1,500 — a flourish-
ing and rapidly growing village ; the water power
• here is very great. Mishawaka is a thriving village
on the St. Joseph's, 4 miles above South Bend.
Here is an extensive iron manufactory ; pure bog
ore, of the best quality, and inexhaustible, is found
at this place. The Northern Canal passes through
this county ; so also does the Buffalo and Missis-
sippi Rail-Road, and the Michigan road from Madi-
son on the Ohio river to Michigan City, ^c. &c. It
is believed few counties are possessed of as many
advantages, — few have made such signal and rapid
improvements in agriculture, manufactures and
commerce, and few hold out so many inducements
to men of enterprise and business as this.
STARK COUNTY.— Recently formed, and
miorganized ; contains 432 square miles ; bounded
3S SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
north by Laporte and St. Joseph, east by Marshall,
south by Pulaski, west by Newton and Porte'f.
Principal streams, the Kankakee and Yellow rivers.
There are extensive marshes on the Kankakee.
STEUBEN COUNTY.— Recently organized;
contains 225 square miles ; bounded north by the
state of Michigan, east by Michigan and Ohio, south
by De Kalb, west by Lagrange, counties. Principal
streams, Pigeon river, Crooked and Fish creeks ;
there are many lakes. The Buffalo and Mississippi
Rail-Road is located through the county. Angola
is the county seat.
SULLIVAN COUNTY.— Organized in 1S16;
contains 430 square miles ; bounded north by Vigo,
east by Clay and Greene, south by Knox, west by
the Wabash river. The principal water courses are
the Wabash on the west, and Furman's creek. Tur-
tle creek, and Busserou in the interior. Surface,
generally level — there are some rich prairies, but
chiefly the land is timbered. Merom is the county
town.
SWITZERLAND COUNTY.— Organized in
1814 ; contains 216 square miles ; bounded north by
Ripley and Dearborn counties, east by the Ohio
river, south by the Ohio, west by Jefferson county.
Some of the streams that flow into the Ohio are Log
Lick, Indian, Plum, Brian's and Grant's creeks.
Surface, various — bottom lands, level and rich, then
a range of bluffs — table land, rolling. Much atten-
tion is paid to the culture of orchards, gardens and
vines, particularly on the Ohio river, and the county
is rapidly increasing in wealth and population.
Vevay is the county seat,
TIPPECANOE COUNTY. — Or^ranized in
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 39
1S26 ; contains 504 square miles ; bounded north by
White and Carroll, east by Carroll and Clinton,
south by Montgomery, west by Warren and Jasper.
Surface, gently undulating, with extensive level
tracts — the prairies may be estimated at one half,
the barrens one eighth, and the remainder heavy
forest land, — the prairies and timber lands are very
rich and fertile. The water courses are the Wa-
bash, the Tippecanoe river, (which enters the Wa-
bash in the northeast corner of the county,) the Wild
Cat, the Wea, Burnet's creek, &c.; these streams
furnish numerous excellent mill sites, and the Wa-
bash is navigable. Lafayette, a large and flourish-
ing town, possessing great advantages, is the county
seat. There is a rail-road chartered from this town
to Michigan City, and a Mac Adamized road to
CrawfordsviHe and New-Albany, and another to
Indianapolis. The Wabash and Erie Canal also
passes through it.
UNION COUNTY.— Organized in 1S21; con-
tains 168 square miles; boimded north by Wayne
county, east by the state of Ohio, south by Franklin,
west by Fayette, counties. Surface, undulating;
soil, good. The principal streams are the east fork
of White Water river, Hanna, Richland and Silver
creeks, all which afford valuable mill privileges.
Liberty is the county seat.
VANDERBURG COUNTY.— Organized in
1818 ; contains 225 square miles ; bounded north by
Gibson, east by Warrick, counties, south by the
Ohio river, and west by Posey county. That portion
which borders on the Ohio river is very fertile — but
the largest portion of the county is high and rather
hilly, with good timber and water, but of inferior soil,
40 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
when compared to many other counties. In a com-
mercial point of view, it possesses great advantages.
Running into the Ohio from the interior, are Big
Pigeon, Blue Grass, Little and Locust creeks.
EvANSViLLE is the county seat. This place is new,
but flourishing — increasing in population beyond al-
most any other in the state. It has been expected
that the Wabash, Erie and Central Canal would ter-
minate here ; but the Board of Internal Improve-
ments, at its late session, fin alii/ located its termina-
tion at Lamasco City, on Pigeon creek, about half
a mile below Evansville. Doubtless these two
places will be united, and become the most import-
ant city in the state. There is a rail-road located
from Evansville to Terre Haute.
VERIVIILLION COUNTY. Organized in
1823 ; contains 280 square miles ; bounded north by
Warren, east by Fountain and Parke, south by
Vigo, counties, and west by the state of Illinois.
Surface, high and gently rolling — some bluffs along
the principal w^ater courses — a good proportion of
prairie and timber ; the soil is rich and productive.
Streams, the Wabash river flows along the whole
length of its eastern border, Vermillion and Little
Vermillion livers — Spring, Brouillet's creeks, and
others, run into the Wabash, Newport is the
county seat.
VIGO COUNTY.— Organized in 1818; con-
tains 400 square miles ; bounded north by Vermil-
lion and Parke, east by Clay, south by Sullivan,
counties, and west by the state of Illinois. Surface,
level or gently undulating, with forest and prairies
interspersed ; soil, uniformly excellent. The Wa-
bash passes nearly through the county from north
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 41
to south, and is navigable : Spring Coal, Otter, Lost,
Sugar, Clear, and Honey creeks are the principal.
Terre Haute, the county seat, is a large and flour-
ishing town, most delightfully situated on the Wa-
bash river and National road. The Wabash and
Erie Canal terminates here, and the Cross Cut Canal
from this place connects with the Central Canal at
Point Commerce, on White river. There is also
located a rail-road to Evansville.
WABASH COUNTY.— Organized in 1832;
contains 415 square miles; bounded north by Kos-
ciusko and Whitley, east by Huntington, south by
Grant and Miami, and west by Miami counties. It
presents a variety of soil and surface. Eel river
passes througli the northern part, and the Wabash
below the centre of the county, besides numerous
creeks flow into both these rivers, which make it a
v\^ell watered county. Wabash is the principal
town, and is the county seat — a healthy place ; im-
proving rapidly, and is a desirable point for busi-
ness. The Wabash and Erie Canal and the Cen-
tral Canal unite at this place.
WARREN COUNTY.— In the northwestern
part of the state, was organized in 182S ; bounded
on the north by Jasper county, west by the state of
Illinois, south by Vermillion, east by Fountain and
Tippecanoe counties ; and contains about 350
square miles. The face of the country is generally
level, and about one third of the whole county is
prairie, embracing, on the west, a portion of the
Grand Prairie. The soil is rich, and well watered.
The Wabash runs along the eastern and south-
eastern border of the county for 30 miles, and is
navigable for steam-boats. The interior streams
c
42 SKETCHES OF EACH COUNTY
are Big and Little Pine creeks, Rock creek, and
Redwood, all of which are good mill streams. AVil-
LiAMSPORT is the county seat. A rail-road is in
contemplation, from Lafayette to Alton, 111., which
if completed will pass through this comity.
WARRICK COUNTY.— Organized in 1813 ;
contains an area of 360 square miles ; bounded
north by Gibson, Pike and Dubois, east by Spencer,
south by Spencer county and the Ohio river, west by
Vandeiburg and Gibson counties. Surface, rolling,
hilly near the river. Soil, produces well. The
Ohio washes its southern border, and Little Pigeon
its eastern — into these flow several creeks from the
interior, Boonville is the county s-eat.
WASHINGTON COUNTY.— Organized in
1813; c(mtains an area of 540 square miles; bounded
north by Jackson, east by Scott and Clarke, south by
Harrison and Crawford, west by Orange and Law-
rence counties. Surface, greatly diversified. Al-
though good farming land in general, the soil is not
as rich and easy of cultivation as many other coun-
ties. Stream^; — Muscatatack, on the north border,
Blue river, Rush, Twin, Delaney, Elk creeks, &c.,
which aiford mill privileges. Sat.em is the county
seat. The Mac Adamized road from New-Albany
to Crawfordsville is located through the county.
WAYNE COUNTY.— Organized in 1810 ; con-
tains 420 square miles ; bounded north by Ran-
dolph county, east by the state of Ohio, south by
Union and Fayette, west by Fayette and Henry
counties. Surface, moderately hilly and heavily
timbered. Soil, the very best quality. Streams —
East and West branches of the White Water river,
and numerous tributaries, which furnish abundant
IN THE STATE OF INDIANA. 43
water power. Centreville is the county seat.
JVkUe Water Canal runs across the southwest
corner of the county.
WELLS COUNTY.— Organized in 1837 ; con-
tains 372 square miles ; bounded north by Allen,
east by Adams, south by Blackford and Jay, west
by Huntington and Grant counties. Population
about 200. The Wabash runs through nearly the
centre of the county, and furnishes many fine mill
privileges.
WHITE COUNTY.— Organized recently, with
a population of about ISOO, as is supposed, and ra-
pidly increasing ; bounded north by Newton and
Pulaski, east by Cass and Carroll, south by Tippe-
canoe, west by Jasper counties, and contains
about 530 square miles. Near one half of the
county is prairie — and mostly owned by govern-
ment. Soil, well adapted to grass and grain. The
Tippecanoe river is navigable for flat boats, and is
a good mill stream. Besides this river, the county
is watered by Big and Little Metamonong creeks,
and Big, Spring, and Mootses' creeks. Monti-
cello, a very flourishing village, is the county seat.
The rail-road from Lafayette to Michigan city is
located through this county.
WHITLEY COUNTY.— Formed in 1838; is
bounded north by Noble, east by Allen, south by
Huntington and Wabash, and west by Wabash and
Kosciusko counties. It contains 324 square miles,
and about 100 inhabitants. Soil, good. Eel river
runs through the county, and affords fine mill sites.
44 INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
The following statement, from the official report
of the Board of Internal Improvements, abridged by
R. D. Owen, Esq., will give the reader some idea
of the magnitude of the works undertaken by the
state : —
Indiana has undertaken a sy.«tem of internal improvement on
what, considering that she is still so young a state, may be consi-
dered ii n)agnif]ceiji scale. The present estimates for the comple-
tion of the various state works, amount to about eighteen millions
and a half of dollars; and it is the general opinion, that they will,
when compleied, considerably exceed that sum. Txcenly-five mil-
lions is probably nearer what will be the actual cost. When we
reflect ihai the total amount of property, both real and personal, of
the state was, by the assessment of 1837, under one hundred mil-
lions, it must be conceded, that this young state has evinced no
small degree of enterprise. The entire system of improvement is
iiiideitaken,and to be completed and to be owned exclusively by
the state, without anj^ association with private companies.
The amount of contracts entered into by the Slate Board of In-
diana, since ihey commenced operations, (on the 1st of March, 1836,
up to the present time, (January 1st, 1838,) amounts, at contract
prices, to nearly four millions of dollars. The amount of labour
actually performed under these contracts, up to the present time,
somewhat exceeds tico millions of dollars; and the amount of la-
bour necessary to complete existing contracts, is somewhat more
than one million and three qumters.
It seems probable, that the stale will proceed with these works,
at the rate of from a million and a half to two millions of dollars
annually. It will, of course, be some years before she can expect
to receive a return over and above repairs, from any of the works.
The heaviest works undertaken by Indiana are, the Central Ca-
nal, the White Water Canal, and the Madison and Lafayette Rail-
Roud. Yet these, perhaps, if completed, will ultimately yirld as
fair a profit as the less expensive portions of the undertaking.
The improvement of ihe Wabasli, is a part of the duty confided
to the iStcite Board of Improvement. The upper portion, as far
down as Terre Haute, is to be improved by canalling, the Wabash
and Erie Canal connecting Terre Haute with the lake. The
Grand Rapids at Mount Carmel, just below the n)outh of White
river, are to he improved by slack water navigation, at the joint ex-
pense of Indiana and Illinois. Contracts to the amount of $167,000
iia.v"e been made for the construction of a dam and sleomboal lock.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 45
to effect this object. How the river is to be improved belowr that
point, is yet undRcided. The Slate Board, in their last report, (of
16th December, 1837,) express their double whether it can be effected
except by partial eanallinsr; and we have given, on our map, the
route of a projected Cross Cut Canal, to connect ihe Wabash above
the Grand Chain with tlie Ohio, at or near Mount Vernon, as sur-
veyed by an engineer of eminence, under the instructions of the
citizens of Pose}' county.
If this improvement be completed, the connection of the upper
Wabash country with the Ohio, by steamboat as well as canal boat
navigation, will be effected.
An important and yet undecided question connected with the
Ftate works of Indiana i?, whether she is entitled, from the Un ted
States' government, to an extension of the Wabash and Erie Canal
grant of lands ; so that she shall receive the saine for each mile of
canal as fnr down as to Terre Haute. If this question should be
decided in her favour, it will probably aid her in ner present under-
takings 10 the amount of two or three millions of dollars.
The following are the works undertaken or pro-
jected by the state. They are laid down and can
be traced on the map without a more aetailed de-
scription.
The Wahash and Erie Canal. — Commencing at
the Ohio line in Allen county. Running up the
Maumee river to Fort Wayrje ; thence down the
Wabash to Terre Haute ; thence by a Cross Cut
Canal to the Central Canal in Greene county. The
Canal is now finished from Fort Wayne to Logans-
port, a distance of 76 miles, and the work is pro-
gressing at Logansport and Lafayette.
Central Canal. — Commencing at Lamasco city
on the Ohio river. Runs north, crossing the White
river near Petersburg!! in I'ike county ; thence up
the west fork of White river to the centre of Madi-
son county ; thence northwardly to Marion in Grant
county, where it divides into two routes, one to
Peru, the other to Wabash. There is also projected
a Side Cut Canal from Madison county to Muncie-
46 INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS.
town. The Central Canal is rapidly progressing
from various points.
The While Water Canal. — Commences at Law-
renceburgh on the Ohio river. Continues up the
White Water river to Cambridge city in Wayne
county. From this point there is a canal qnoposed
to Muncietown. The White W^ater Canal is so far
advanced that it is expected that the navigation from
Brookville to Lawrenceburgh may be commenced
early in the autumn of the present year.
The Northern Canal. — From Fort Wayne on the
Wabash river, to Michigan city on Lake Michigan,
and from a point above Michigan city to the line of
Illinois, This route is not yet permanently settled.
New- Albany and Vincenne- Mac Adamized road.
A portion of it from the Ohio will be ready for use,
it is expected, the present season.
The Mac Adamized road from New- Albany to
Crawford sville. On the division of this road, from
New- Albany to Jeffersonville, the grading is nearly
completed.
A rail-road from Madison to Indianapolis. Con-
tinued from thence as a Mac Adamized road to La-
fayette, and from Lafayette to Michigan city con-
tinued a rail-road. This road is so far advanced
between Madison and Vernon, that it is expected
locomotives with their trains can commence running
next autumn or winter.
The Buffalo and Mississippi Rail-Road, proposed
to connect the Atlantic states with the Mississippi
river, has been surveyed across the northern part
of the state, and will be seen on the map.
Besides the above enumerated canals and roads,
there are several rail-roads chartered to private
companies.
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 47
One called " The Ohio and Indianapolis Rail-
Road," commencing at Jeffersonville ; passing
through Vienna, Rochford and Columbus to India-
napolis, lOS miles. Six miles of the road from
Jeffersonville is now under contract.
Another rail-road is chartered from Evansville to
Terre Haute, to pass through Princeton and Vin-
cennes.
Another rail-road is chartered from Lafayette to
the state line of Illinois, in a direction to Danville.
Another rail-road is chartered and located from
Lawrenceburgh to Indianapolis, running through
Greensburg and Shelbyville.
The routes of other roads proposed are not
known to the author of this book, and therefore can
not be traced.
These are truly vast and expensive undertakings;
and there are not wanting those who, in view of the
infancy of the state, are incredulous about their com-
pletion. The following is an extract from the inaugu-
ral address of Governor Wallace, which is well cal-
culated to allay these apprehensions. He inquires :
"What assurances have we that these prosperous circumstances
are to continue, or, that the sources of our revenue are to expand
in proportion to the increased demand that, we know, must be made
upon us from year to year, to defray the interest upon our rapidly
accumulating debt? In finding an answer to these questioi>s, I am
happy to say, that, we are not left to the uncertain guidance of mere
conjecture. We have at our command, facts and data, as undoubted
in their character, as those upon which we have just been com-
menting. By referring to the reports of the Commissioner of the
General Land Office, for a series of years back, we ascertain from
them, the precise number of acres of the public land that have been
sold each year within the limits of the state, and, consequently, the
exact annual additions that will constantly be making to the present
amount of our taxable land, as far in advance as 1841. For the sa-
tisfaction of my fellow-citizens, I here furnish them with these im-
portant results. The quantity of public land sold, for instance, in
1832, auKJunted to 516,444 acres — these, as a matter of course, be-
came taxable the present year; in 1833, 555,000 acres were sold,
48 TABLE OP ALTITUDES
which became taxable in 1838; in 1834,585,000 acres were sold,
which Itecome taxable in 1839; in 1835, 1,586,904 acres were sold,
which become taxable in 1840; in 1836, 3,249,210 acres'were sold,
which become taxable in 1841; making altogether a sum toial of
6,522,958 acre?, which, in 1841, is to swell the tax list of that year
over and above the tax list of 1836; that is, instead of the five mil-
lions of acres and upwards subject to taxation in 1836, we shall have
twelve millions and upwards subject to taxation in 1841. Is not this
a most animating result? Could our prospective advancement in
all the substantial elements of wealth be presented in bolder relief ?
"Bat, again. In looking forward to the increase of taxation, it is
quite natural that we should inquire how this burthen is to be dis-
tributed? Whether equitably or not? Whether it is so arranged
that those who are most benefited shall be required to pay most?
Protnpted by curiosity, I vvas led to a somewhat minute examina-
tion of these points, and I found, first, that of the 81 counties that
appear upon the tax list of the present year, 52 of them are directly
and immediately interested in the prosecution of some one of our
public works, and 29 that are not; secondly, that the sum of all the
taxables returned by the 52 counties this year, amounts to near
seventy-six millions of dollars, while the same retmned by the 29
counties, amounts to but twenty-two and a half millions — estal)lish-
ing the fact, to the satisftction of the most scrupulous, thai the for-
mer counties, even, of the burthens and expenses of the present year,
pay near three and a half times as much as the latter. And I take
it, that it needs but a moment's reflection to decide that, this ratio,
great as it is, must continue to increase for years to come: for not
less, perhaps, than eight tenths of the six and a half millions of acres
of land, which we have seen are to become taxable in 1841, lie in
some one of the 52 counties, or in the north. And tliere is the north
too, with her port of entry and harbour on the lake; her shipping
list, strange as it may sound to our ears; her one hundred thousand
dollars worth of expoVts— her three hundred arrivals and departures
of vessels, of various descriptions, the present year; her iron foun-
dries; her numerous manufacturing establishments; her enterprising
population — her flourishing towns and villages — the north, I say,
holds out to us these most flattering indications that she, too, will be
forthcoming at the hour of need— perhaps, by '41, certainly by '45—
with her taxable list of thirty or forty millions of dollars."
The following table of Altitudes in Indiana,
was prepai-ed for the General Assembly in January,
1836, by Messrs. Stansbury and Williams, Engi-
neers : —
IN IxVDIANA.
49
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TABLE OF ALTITUDES
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IN INDIANA,
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TABLE OF ALTITUDES
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IN INDIANA.
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IN INDIANA,
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58 GEOLOGY.
GEOLOGY.
David Dale Owen, Esq., the State Geologist,
presented a report to the General Assembly in De-
cember, 1837, the concludmg chapter in which he
sums up the result of his obseiTations, is inserted
below: —
The practical and very important inference from the foregoing
report, may be summed up in a few woids.
Three geological formations exist in Indiana. 1st, a bituminous
coal formation, occupying thai portion of the state west of the se-
cond principal meridian; 2d, a limestone formation, (similar to the
mountain limestone of European geologistF,) prevailing in the coun-
ties east of that meridian ; 3d, a diluvium, consisting of deposites of
clay, sand, gravel, and boulders; overlying, and in many places
covering up, the two other formations, to a greater or less depth,
particularly in the northern part of the state.
Now, as in this country no perfect seams of bituminous coal are
found associated with calcareous deposites, similar to those of Mid-
dle and Eastern Indiana, the geologist can confidently predict, that
it is a waste of time and labour to search for coal in any part of the
state east of this second meridian ; for instance, as has been done in
the neighbourhood of the black bituminous aluminous slate, which
is represented on tlie map stretching north in a narrow band, com-
mencing at New Albany in Floyd county, and extending through
part of Clarke, Scott, Jennings, JBartholomew, Decatur, and proba-
bly beneath the diluvium, in a northerly direction, towards Elkhart.
If we were to speculate from geological observations, on the fu-
ture condition of Indiana, we should say, that the western counties
are destined to become, one day, the chief manufacturing counties;
since, with a fiew exceptions, all large manufacturing towns and
districts are situated on the coal formation.
The freestones of this formation being often soft and fissile, owing
to the existence of mica disseminated in layers through their sub-
stance, and to the ferruginous cement which unites their particle?,
being liable to undergo alterations by the action of the atmosphere
upon it, a careful selection by the builder is always necessary. In
several places, particularly towards the base of the formation, or
near its eastern boundry, as at Attica, Williamsport, on Pine Creek,
ond near the French Lick, with a little care, freestone, white and
fine grained, and excellently suited for architectural purposes, may
be readily obtained. In character and geographical position it re-
sembles the celebiated Scotch freestone, of which the new town
of Edinburgh, and a portion of the town of Glasgow are built.
At New Harmony there is a quarry of freestone, yielding rock
GEOLOGY.
59
that has stood the test of twenty years; yet it is by no means equal
to the strata above alluded to, in our eastern counties.
A freestone of a very fine grain and white colour is quarried at
the French Lick, west of Paoli. It is manufactured into whetstones,
that answer admirably for putting a fine edge on tool?, and for pol-
ishing. They are exported to all pans of the United States.
Good grindstones are also manufactured from a siiriilar stratum
of these freestones, of a coarser grain.
The east^rn bonndarv or ba#e of the coal formation is the most
likely place to aftbrd salt water ; for we find the most productive
salt wells ihroughout the western country occupying in the inferior
members of the coal formation. Thus, should symptoms of salt
water make their appearance in the counties of Perry, Spencer, Du-
bois, Martin, Daviess, Greene, Owen, Clay, Putnam, Montgomery,
or Tippecanoe, the encouragement to make a search would be
greater than if found elsewhere in the state.
Salt, however, is not, strictly speiiking, constant in its geological
position. In Europe, it usually occurs in the new red sandstone —
a formation higher and of more recent origin than the bituminous
coal formation ; while on the Holston, a tribu'ary of the Tennessee
river, there is a fine salt deposite, surrounded by gypsum or plaster
of Paris, lying on the Grauwacke formation.
Two or three salt wells have been sunk in the knobs east of
Bloomington, through the silicious beds belonging to the sub-
carboniferous group. The salt is of excellent quality; but the
water has hitherto proved too weak to aftbrd a fair profit. The
boring after salt is, in truth, at all times attended with considerable
uncertainty.
Quantities of argillaceous iron ore— from which in Great Britain
600,000 tons of iron are annually obtained — occur in some of the
clay slates of the bituminous coal formation of Indiana.
Some of the clay slates answer well for fire-brick. That now
excavated near Troy is to be manufactured into fire-brick for sale —
an important article of commerce, in a country where steam engines
are so entensively used, and indispensable where furnace operations
are carried on to any extent.
Some of our clays in the coal formation answer well for the ma-
nufacturing of stone ware and gray pottery-ware. Such wares are
now manufactured from them at Troy.
Since I first called the attention of the proprietors to the deposite
of the hydrated brown oxide of iron, near the Falls of Eel river, ex-
aminations have been made, by digging in four or five different
places : ore has been struck in all of them ; many tons have been
thrown up, and the prospects are so encouraging, that the proprie-
tors of the Falls are now endeavouring to form a company, to erect
a furnace, and comiuence, on an extensive scale, smelting the ore.
Sandstone being 'he predominating rock in the coal formation;
and the greatest part of the soil of those western counties being
60 GEOLOGY.
formed from its disintegration, we find it generally of a sandy cha-
racter.
The dip and position of the various beds belonging to coal mea-
sures are generally constant, unless where, from the protrusions of
basalt or greenstone, ihose volcanic disturbances called by the mi-
ners, "■faults,''^ '^troubles,'''' or '•^ dykes,'''' have disturbed the regu-
larity of position. If, then, the general dip and order of succession
of the strata can be ascertained, and these should appear to be tree
from faults or material uwdulation, a pretty correct estimate might
be formed of the depth of the various seams of coal and other strata
in different parts of the coal fields of Indiana.
Most of the limestones in the oolitic series — that is, those occur-
ring in the counties of Crawford, Orange, Lawrence, Monroe, Owen,
and Putnam— make good buildine materials. The enerinital lime-
stones in Harrison, NVashington, Jackson, Bartholomew, and Mor-
gan counties, are also very suitable for that purpose ; but the sili-
cious strata, or sand rocks, in these counties, are generally/ soft and
crumbling, and by no means durable. The only use that the black
bituminous aluminous slate, occurring in the sub-carboniferous
group, <'an be put to, is for the manufacture of alum.* The sub-
carboniferous group affords a water-lime, which appears to be a
compound chiefly of limestone and cliy, with some bituminous
matter. It is associated with the black bituminous aluminous slate
above mentioned. Some of the limestone in its neighbourhood —
for instance, those rocks which are excavated at the top of the hill
behind Madison — contain green earth, and some are impregnated
with bitumen and sulphuret of iron. In making a selection of build-
ing materials in such strata, care should be taken not to use any
such, unless their durafeility has been well tested; for they are ge-
nerally liable to decay.
The fosiliferous limestones of East Indiana, namel)', those found
in Jefferson, Switzerland, Dearborn, Ptiplev, Franklin, Fayette, and
Union counties, are durable rocks, and some of them make beau-
tiful marbles.
The sub-carboniferous formation of Indiana is identical with the
formation occurring in Middle Tennep?=ee, in which the enormous
deposites of the hydrated brown oxide of iron, constituting so much
of the mineral wealth of that state, are found.
The deposites of this kind of ore in Indiana, however, although
* For this purpose it must be heaped together in piles, and set fire to, for
it will burn tor a short time, as vye liave before explained. After combus-
tion, the sulphur and iron are both oxidized ; the former becomes sulphuric
acid — the latter, oxide of iron. A portion of the sulphuric acid unites with
alumina, and the rest with oxide of iron, forming a double salt, the puli)hate
of alumina and iron. The iron has now to be got rid of. For this pur-
pose, potash or ley is added, which throws down oxide of iron, and appro-
priates its sulphuric acid to itself— thus forming a sulphate of alumina and
potash, or alum.
GEOLOGY. 61
found in the same formation, are not associated with exactly the
same strata. In Tennessee, they are in the silicious strata, just
above the enerinital limestones; those at present discovered in In-
diana are either resting on the oolitic series of limestones, or near
the bituminous aluminous slate.
The soil in Crawford, Lawrence, Orange, Monroe, Owen, and
Putnam counties, being formed chiefly from the oolitic limestones,
has a calcareous character, and is admirably adapted for the growth
of grasses.
Clay will be found to predominate in the soil of the counties of
Floyd, Clark, Scott, Jennings, and parts of Bartholomew, Decatur,
Shelby, Johnson, Marion and Hancock ; because the soil of these
counties is underlayed by clay slates. Hence we find the beech
tree, which delights in a clayey soil, there growing luxuriantly.
The soil of Jefferson, Switzerland, Dearborn, Ripley, Franklin,
Fayette, Union, and parts of Decatur and Rusli, being formed upon
alternating strata of clay and limestone, must partake chiefly of
these two earths. This soil is also well adapted to the growth of
grasses.
The soil of the northwestern counties appears to be a siliceo-
calcareous sand, resting upon a clay bottom. This I conceive to be
the reason why it is so much more productive than its external ap-
pearance promises. These points, however, I intend more fully to
verify, by analysis, so soon as I can get samples of all the various
soils. As yet, my opinion has been formed chiefly from ocular
observation, and reasoning from general principles.
The water in the northwestern counties is strongly impregnated
with carbonic acid. This, acting as a solvent upon limestone and
the protoxide of iron, dissolves them whenever it meets them in its
passage to the surface. And thus we find these waters ofien highly
charged with these two ingredients, forming calcareous and chaly-
beate springs. As they lose very soon, by exposure to the air, the
excess of carbonic acid, which acts as a solvent of these ingre-
dients— and as iron is brought also by the same exposure to air, to
a higher degree of oxidation, and therefore to a more insoluble
form — these two causes acting together, soon produce deposites of
calcareous tufas and bog iron ore, so frequently found in that coun-
try. The quantity of bog iron ore is, therefore, continually on the
increase.
The greater part of Indiana must have been, at some period of
the earth's history, covered by an ocean; for most of the fossils in
the limestones are of a marine origin.
None of the preciouH metals wiil ever be found in Indiana^ unless
in minute portions in boulders, or in small quantities in combination
with other metals;* because the primitive and grauwacke forma-
* The gold of the United S?tatcs occurs in micaceous and talcons slates,
which never contains fossils. Stream gold is, indeed, found in alluvial de-
62 GEOLOGY.
lions, in which alone productive mines of gold and silver ore occur,
do not exist in Indiana. It is true that, in some rare instances, sil-
ver is found as a sulphuret and as red silver ore, in such formations
as exist in the western country; but I have seen no symptoms of
any such in our state. The same may be said of bismuth, tin ore,
and native arsenic. The only metals which we need look for, are
iron, lead, antimony, mane;anese, zinc, cobalt, and possibly some va-
rieties of copper and arsenic ores.
It is not likely that anthracite coal will ever be found in Indiana,
because that mineral is usually found in the primitive and grau-
wacke formations.
Several detached pieces of native copper have been found in the
state, one weighing five pounds; but, from the nature of the ore, its
occurring in washed gravels, and only in isolated pieces, I have
reason to believe that they do not originate in the state. I may add
that the Kupferschiefer of the German miners yields, at the mines
of Mansfield, in Thuringia, an abundant supply of copper ore. This
copper slate, as found at the bottom of the new red sandstone form-
ation, which overlies the bituminous coal formation, and copper ores,
have been found in the carboniferous and mountain limestone;
there is, therefore, a possibility of discovering workable copper ore
in the formations of Indiana.
The fertility of the soil of Indiana is universally admitted, yet few
are aware that it arises mainly from its geological position. It is
posites ; but these are never far distant from the non-fossiliferous slates,
from the disintegration of which they have been formed. One or two
extraordinary exceptions to the general rule of gold being found only in noti-
fossiliferous rocks, are instanced by Humboldt. He mentions mines being
worked tor the precious metals in a limestone corresponding in age to the
magnesian limestone of England, and one in a deposite as recent even as the
oolitic series.
That brilliant metallic-looking mineral, sometimes of a golden yellow
colour, and at other times of a silvery white appearance, and often crystalized
in cubes, so frequently taken for gold and silver, is iron pyrites, — a compound
of sulphur and iron. It may be easily distinguislied by putting a piece of it
into a shovel, and placing it over the tire ; if U be iron pyrites, a sulphurous
Bmell will be perceived — or, in more common language, it will smell of
brimstone, .ind a dark, brittle substance will remain.
The only use to which this sulphuret of iron, found so abundantly in many
parts of our state, can be put, is, for the manufacture of copperas or
sulphate of iron. For this purpose, fragments of the ore are strewed in a
convenient situation, so as to be act.-d on by the atmosphere — where the
sulphur becomes sulphuric arid, and the iron oxide of ir<in. A small stream
of water is made to pass slowly over it; this dissolves up the sulphate of
iron. This solution is conducted into kettles, and evaporated or boiled
down; fragments of iron are thrown in, to unite with and neutralize the
free sulpliuric acid, which is always in excess; and the salt crystalizes as
soon as it has arrived at a sufficient degree of concentration.
The thin, elastic, yellow glistening metallic looking scales found in
many of the boulders, are yellow mica, or, as it is commonly called in this
country, ibinglass.
FORM OF GOVERNMENT. 63
well known to geoloeists, that that soil is the most productive,
which his been derived tVoin the destruction of the greatest variety
of different rocks; for thus only is produced the due mixture of gra-
vel, sand, clay and limestone, necessary to form a good medium for
the retention and transmission of nutritive fluids, be they liquid or
aeriform, to the roots of plants. Now, Indiana is situated near the
middle of the Great Valley of northwestern America, and far distant
from the primitive range of mountains; and her soil is accordingly
formed from the deslruclion of a vast variety of rocks, both crystal-
line and sedimentar}', which have been minutely divided and inti-
mately blended together by the action of air and water. It has all
the elements, therefore, of extraordinary fertility.
FORM OF GOVERNMENT.
The constitution provides that an enumeration
be made every five years of all free white male
inhabitants, above the age of twenty-one years,
and the representation of both houses of the
General Assembly is apportioned by such enume-
ration in such ratio, that the number of repre-
sentatives shall never be less than thirty-six, nor
exceed one hundred, and the number of senators
not exceeding one half, nor less than one third the
number of representatives. Every free white male
citizen, twenty-one years of age, w^ho has resided
in the state one year, is entitled to vote, " except
such as shall be enlisted in the army of the United
States or their allies." Elections are held annually,
by ballot, on the first Monday in Augut.
The Governor, Lieutenant Governor and Sena-
tors, hold their offices for three years. The judi-
ciary is vested in a Supreme Court, in Circuit
Courts, Probate Courts and Justices of the Peace.
The Supreme Court consists of three judges, who
are appointed by the Governor with the advice and
consent of the Senate, for the term of seven years,
and have appellate jurisdiction.
64 PUBLIC LANDS.
The Circuit Court consists of a presiding judge
in each judicial circuit, elected by joint ballot of
both houses of the General Assembly, and two as-
sociated judges in each county, elected by the quali-
fied voters in their respective counties for a like
terra. The Probate Courts consist of one judge
for each county, w^ho is elected by the voters, for
the same term.
Justices of the peace are elected in each town-
ship for the term of five years, and have jurisdic-
tion in criminal cases throughout the county, but
in all civil cases, throughout the township.
EDUCATION.
The same liberal provision of one section of land
in each township, has been made for the encour-
agement of common schools, as in other western
states.
Academies and seminaries of learning have been
established in many of the large towns — a college at
Bloomington, from the encouragement of state
funds. Other institutions are rising up ; among
which are, the Hanover Institution in Jefferson
county, and Wabash college at Crawfordsville.
PUBLIC LANDS.
In all the new states and territories, the lands
owned by the general government are surveyed and
sold under one general system. Several offices,
each under the direction of a surveyor general,
have been established by acts of congress ; and dis-
tricts embracing one or more states assigned them.
PUBLIC LANDS. 65
The office for the surveys of all public lands in
Ohio, Indiana, jMichigan and Wisconsin, is located
in Cincinnati.
In the surveys, Meridian lines are first esta-
blished, running north from some prominentplace —
these are intersected at right angles, with lines run-
ning from east to west, called Base lines. There
are live principal meridians in the land surveys of
the west — thejirst and second of which are connect-
ed with the surveys of Indiana.
The Jlrst princi2)al meridian, is a line due north,
on the eastern boundary of the state, from the
mouth of the Great Miami river.
The second princijyal meridian, is a line due north
from a point on the Ohio river; 9"^ 2^^' west from
Washington.
From these principal meridians, with their cor-
responding base lines, the country is divided into
townships of six miles square ; which are sub-
divided into sections of one mile square or 640
acres — and these again are subdivided into quarter
sections of 160 acres each. These divisions are
designated by the surveyor, by appropriate marks in
the held, which can easily be distinguished from
each other. If near timber, trees are marked and
numbered with the section, township, and range,
near each sectional corner. If in a prairie, a mound
is raised to designate the corner; and a billet of
charred wood buried, if no rock is near.
Ranges are townships counted either east or west
from principal meridians.
To urns/lips are counted either north or south from
their respective base lines.
c2
66
PUBLIC LANDS.
Fractions^ are parts of quarter sections intersected
by streams, or confirmed claims.
The parts of townships, sections, quarters, &c.,
made at the lines of either townships or meridians,
are called excesses or deficiencies.
Sections, or square miles, are numbered, begin-
ning in the northeast comer of the township, pro-
gressively west to the range line, and then progres-
sively east to the range line, alternately terminating
at the southeast corner of the township, from one
to thirty-six, as in the following diagram —
6
5 4 13
2
1
7
8 9 !10
11
12
—
18
1?!* 15
14
13
19
20|21 22
23
24
30
29 1 28 27
26
25
31
32|33 34
35
36
In the state of Indiana there are seven land dis-
tricts with offices attached to each, open for the sale
and entry of public lands, as follows :
The Cincinnati District embiaces all the lands east
of the following old Indian boundaries, viz : Be-
ginning where the old Indian line strikes the Ohio,
in range 13 E. ; thence with it, say N. N. E., to
where it intersects the other In^iian line in Sect. 23,
T. 11, R. 13 E. ; thence S. W. with another Indian
PUBLIC LANDS. 67
line to where it intersects another line in Sect. 33,
T. 10, "R. 11 E.; thence with that line, say N. N.
E., to its bend in Sect. 11, T. 21, R. 13 E., and
thence N. E. towards Fort Recovery, to where it
intersects the state line in Sect. 36, T. 23, R. 15 E.
The Jeffersonville District, (commencing on the
Ohio,) is bounded on the west by the second princi-
pal meridian, as far north as the line between town-
ships 9 and 10 north ; thence east with the line be-
tween township 9 and 10, until it makes the Indian
boundary line on the south side of Sect. 33, T. 10,
R. 11 E. ; thence (being the Cincinnati line) with
the Indian line northeastwardly to the junction of
the Indian lines in Sect. 23, T. 11, R. 13 E.; thence
S. S. W. to the line in range 13, on the Ohio;
thence with that river to the beginning.
The Vinccn?ics District embraces all the lands
west and south of the following lines : Beginning
on the Ohio, where the second meridian first leaves
the same ; thence north with the meridian line,
until it is intersected in Sect. 1, T. 9, R. 1 west, by
the old Indian line ; thence with the old Indian
boundary northwesterly, until its intersection with
the Illinois state line in township 16 north.
The Crairfoidsville District is included in the
lines beginning on the Illinois line, where the In-
dian line strikes it in township 16; thence S. E.
with the Vincennes line on Indian boundary to in-
tersection with the Meridian line in Sect. 1, T. 9,
R. 1 W. ; thence north with the meridian line to
the corner of townships 9 and 10 ; thence east with
the line between townships 9 and 10, to the soiith-cast
corner of T. 10, R. 1 east; thence north with the
line between ranges 1 and 2 east, to the N. E. angle
68
PUBLIC LANDS.
of T, 26, R. 1 E. ; thence west with the Ime be-
tween townships 26 and 27 to the Illinois line, and
with that line to the beginning.
Indianapolis District, beginning at the S. W. cor-
ner of T. 10, R. 2 E.; thence north with the hne
between ranges 1 and 2 east, to the line between
townships 20 and 21 north; thence with line between
townships 20 and 21 north, east to its intersection
with the old Indian or Cincinnati line, in range 13
east; thence S. S. W. with the Indian or Cincinnati
line, to its intersection with the line between town-
ships 9 and 10, in range 11 east ; and thence west
with the line between townships 9 and 10 to the
beginning.
The Fort Wayne District, beginning at the S. W.
corner of T. 21, R. 2 E. (being the N. W. corner
of the Indianapolis District:) thence east with the
line between townships 20 and 21 to its intersection,
on R. 13, with the old Indian or Cincinnati line ;
thence N. N. E. to the bend of this line, and then
N. E. with it to the Ohio state line, in Sect. 36, T.
23, R. 15 E., being the north corner of the Cincin-
nati District ; thence with the Ohio line to the north
boundary of Indiana ; thence west with that boun-
dary to the line between ranges 6 and 7 east ;
thence south with the line between ranges 6 and 7,
to where it would be intersected in the Miami Re-
serve, by the line between townships 26 and 27 ;
thence west with the line between those townships
to the line between ranges 1 and 2 east ; and thence
south with the lines between R. 1 and 2 east, to the
beginning.
The La Porte District embraces all the residue
of the state : being the lands north of the line be-
PUP.LIC LANDS. 69
tween townships 26 and 27, and west of the line
between ranges 6 and 7 east.
Lands bought of government are exempted Irom
taxation for five years after purchase. All other
lands owned by residents and non-residents are sub-
ject to taxation annually, for state and county pur-
poses. If not paid wdien due, costs are added ; the
lands sold, are subject to redemption within a limi-
ted period, generally two years.
HISTORY.
This country was first explored by adventurers
from Canada, w^th a view to the Indian trade, to-
wards the close of the seventeenth century; and
the place where Vincennes now stands is said to
have been thus early occupied as a trading post.
A company of French, from Canada, made a settle-
ment here in 1735. The country in common with
the western Valley was claimed by France, until
it was ceded to Great Britain, at the treaty of peace
in 1763, under whose jurisdiction it remained, until
subdued by the American arms under the intrepid
Gen. G. R. Clarke, and his gallant band, in 1779.
A Territorial government was organized by Con-
gress in 1787 : including all the country north-west
of the Ohio river, which was then called the North-
western Territory.
In 1802, when the state of Ohio was organized,
all that part of the Territory lying west of a line
due north from the mouth of the Gr< at Miami was
organized into the Territory of Indiana, which was
divided, and from which Illinois Territory w^as form-
ed in 1809. In June, 1816, a constitution was
adopted, and, at the ensuing session of Congress,
Indiana was made a state.
C3*
70
ROUTES, DISTANCES, &C.
CANAL, STEAM-BOAT AND STAGE ROUTES,
DISTANCES, &c.
From Neiv
To Albany i
Schenectady (rail-road). 1
Utica do 78
Whitesboro, by canal,.. 4
Rome 11
Manlius (Reel's) 37
Syracuse ! 9
Camillus ! 8
Jordan Ill
Montezuma 115
York city to Buffalo.
150
165
213
•24
258
295
304
312
32:
338
Lyons . .
Palmyra
|20|35S
Il5|373
12385
Fairport
Pittsford ! 7J392
Kochester, 40|402
Brockways 40 413
Brockport '10422
Scio ' ^■
^ 9
Medina jl
Lockport 18
Tonawanta 19
Black Rock
Buffalo....
431
448
466
485
494
497
From Buffalo to Cleaveland, Ohio, by Steam-boat.
To Erie, Pa I I 9a|Fairport, O '321164
Ashtabula, O |39|l3l|Cleaveland !30|l94
Route fro?7i Clear claiid to Po
Cuyahogo Aqueduct.. . | 22
Old Portage 12 34
Akron
New-Portage
Clinton
Massillon
Bethlehem
Bolivar
Zoar 3| 82
Dover 7| 89
New-Philadelphia 41 93
Newcomersto wn 22 1 15
Coshocton 17i 129
rtsmouth, via the Ohio Canal.
Irville
Newark
Hebron
Licking Summit
Lancaster, Canaan, . .
Columbvis Side Cut . . ,
Bloom field
Circleville
Chilicothe
Piketon
Lucasville
Portsmouth
26 158
13171
10 181
5 186
II 1 197
18'215
8,223
9 232
23 255
25 280
14294
13307
From Philadelphia to Pittsburgh by Rail-Road and Canal.
To Columbia, by rail-l I iMiddletown 1171109
road 81 Harrisburgh I0{119
Bainbridge 111! 92| I I
ROUTES, DISTANCES, &C.
71
Oi^from Philadelphia tot j
Harrisburgh on R. R.' I
From Harrisburgh to' |
Junieta I'iver 1 15 141
Millersiown 17,161
Mifflin n;l78
Lewistown 13! 191
"Waynesburg ' 14!205
Hamiltonville illi21G
Huntingdon I 7j2*23
Petersburg | 8 231,
Alexandria
Hollidaysburg
Thence by R. R. across
the mountain to Johns
town
By canal to Blairsville.
Saltzburgh
Warren
Allegany river
Pitisbur2;h
From Pittsburgi
To Beaver
Georgetown
Steuben ville
Wheeling ,
Sistersville
Newport
Marietta
Parkersburg
Blennerhasset's Island . .
Troy
Le Tart's Rapids
Point Pleasant
Gallipolis
Burlington
Greenupsburgh
Portsmouth
Vanceburgh
Maysville
Augusta
Mount Pleasant
Cincinnati
Lawrenceburgh
to the
10 127
23:150
niovM of the Ohio rive?'
Rising Sun
Vevay ,
Madison
West Port
Louisville
New- Albany
West Point
Mauckport
Fredonia
Rome
Troy
Rocicport .... ,
EvansvilUe
Mount Vernon
Wabash river
Shawneetown
Cave in Rock
Golconda
Paducah
Caledonia
Trinity
Junct. of Ohio and Miss,
From Laiorenceburgh to fJTiite Pigeon, Michigan, via Brook-
ville, Centreville, Fori Warjne and Lima.
To Brookville . . .
Blooming Grove.
Everton
Connersville j 6
Waterloo 5
Centreville 10
42
47
57
72
ROUTES, DISTANCES, 6zC.
Economy. , .
Huntsville. .
Winchester.
Portland
13
7
8
IS
Decatur (28
FortWavne ,22
Kendallville. . .
Mongoquinon^
Lima.
13llwhite Pigeon ' Mich '. . ..14
153
180
198
206
220
From Jeffersonville to Columbus.
Hambvtrg
New-Providence.
Salem
Drusilla
Valonia
9
12
21
13
34
12
46
6
52
Br( wnstown
Rockford.. . .
Reddington . .
Azalia
Columbus . . .
From New-Albany to Vincennes.
To Greenville
McCallam's X Roads,
Fredericksburg
Paoli
Columbiaville
12
7
19
5
24
18
42
17
59
Mount Pleasant.
Washington... .
Berry sville
Vincennes
55
67
72
75
84
69
86
93
107
From Neio-Albariv to Mount Carmel, Illinois.
To Georgetown..
Salisbury
Barren
MiUtown
Mount Prospect.
K
6
1(
5
2
5
2(
11
3'.
lasper jSS
Petersburgh |21
Princeton ill
VIount Carmel Ill
93
112
123
From Evansville to Loganspnrt, via Vincennes^ Terre Haute
and La Fayette.
To Sandersville.
Princeton
Patoka
"Vincennes
West Union . . . .
Carlisle
Merom
Turman's creek
Prairie creek
Honey creek . . . .
Terre Haute... .
Otter creek
18
10
28
3
31
20
51
14
6.5
8
73
W
84
9
93
7
100
7
107
7
114
8
122
Clinton
Montezuma
Newport
Eugene
Perry sville
Covington
Portland
Williamsport
Attica
Shawnee Prairie.
Point Pleasant. .
La Fayette
128
138
147
154
161
168
175
181
183
187
195
206
ROUTES, DISTANCES, &:C.
73
Battle Ground
Americus
Delphi
Pleasant Run .
214|Tiptonsport.
•21S| Burnetts ville.
"225l Amsterdam. ,
•226|Logansport..
5(233
4237
4241
8249
From Logansport to Fort Wayne.
To Lewisburg
Peru
Wabash ,
Lagro
9
8
17
14
31
6
371
Huntington 14
Aboite. i5
Fort Wayne 11
To Mishawaka
Elkhart
Bristol
From South Beiid to Lima.
4|Middlebury .
15|Lima
231
51
m
77
30
46
To Cumberland .
Greenfield
Portland
Charlottesville. .
Knightstown
Raysville
Lewisville
DubUn
Cambridge City.
From Indianapolis to Columhcs, Ohio.
1 1 Germantown
21 Centreville,
27 i.lichmond
29 Orangeburg, Ohio, .
34 Covington, do
35 Lewisburg, do
43 Springfield do
51 Columbus do
53
2
55
7
62
6
r,8
8
76
4
80
7
87
38
125
43
168
From Indianapolis to Cincinnati, Ohio, via Brookville.
To Sugar creek
Morristown . . .
Burlington
Ruslivil'e
Laurel City. . . ,
Brookville
IGjNew Trenton.
27iHarrison
34, Miami, Ohio, ,
42 Cheviot, do. . . ,
59, Cincinnati, do.
72
83
89
96
103
110
From Indianapolis to Cincinnati, via Laicrenceburgh and
Napoleon.
To New Bethel.
Wrightsdale . . .
Brandy wine . . .
I Shelby ville..
Middletown,
St. Omer . . .
27
35
38^
74
ROUTES, DISTANCES, &C.
Green sburg ....
Napoleon
Laughery
Manchester
Lawrenceburgh
9^
48
13
61
12
Ti
8
81
10
91
Hardinsburg..
Elizabethiown.
Cheviot
Cincinnati, . . .
93i
97
108
115
From Indianapolis to Madison.
ToNapolean, asabove. I i GlIBryansburgh 1 8i|S2|
New-Marion 13 74 Madison 10^ 93
From Indianapolis to Madison, via Columbia.
To Greenwood ,
Franklin
Edinburgh
Columbus
11
9
20
10
3(
11
4.
Scipio
Vernon . . .
Lancaster,
Madison..
Front Indianapolis to Fredonia.
To Far West.
Martinsville . .
Bloomington .
Springville. . .
Bedford
16
13
29
19
48
19
07
9
76
Orleans
Paoli
Miltown
Leavenworth.
Fredonia
From Indianapolis to Terre Haute.
To Brid2;eport.. .
Plainfiel'd
Belleville
Stilesville
Mount Meridian,
9
c
\^^
5
20
8
28
8
36
Putnamsville,
Manhattan ..
Van Buren..
Terre Haute.
From Indianapolis to Monteziima.
To Hampton i
Danville R
New-May sville Ill
ICIBainbridge
2C RockviUe . . .
3liMontezuma,
To Clermont.
Browsburg
Jamestown
Crawfordsville ,
From Indianajwlis to Williamspori.
55
64
76
86
14' 90
81 98
19117
10; 127
4' 131
5
36
23
59
8
67
9Hillshoro 112 56
14jl{ob Roy 14
27 Williamsport 4
44 I
ROUTES, DISTANCES, &a
75
ToPiketon i
Rodmans 6
Lebanon 12
Thorntown \ 9
Frwrn Indianapolis to Lafayette.
9jFrankfort
ISJHuntersville . . .
STDavton
SGJLa Fayette....
From Indianapolis to South Bend.
To Augusta
Eagle Village.
North field
Kirklin
Miohigantown . . •
Burlington 11
Deer Creek
9
5
14
4
18
12
30
10
40
11
51
1 7
58
Logansport
Meteor
Rochester . .
Chippewa..
"Sidney ....
Plymouth . .
South Bend.
From Indianapolis to Greenville^ Ohio.
To AUisonville.
Noblesville
Stravvtown
Andersontown .
Mill creek
10
11
21
7
28
14
4-2
5
47
Yorktown . . .
Muncietown .
Windsor
Winchester. .
Greenville . . .
12
48
13
61
5
06
8
74
10 68
13 81
11 92
3 95
9 104
8 112
24136
7 54
6
68
6
74
10
84
21
105
CONSULTING INDEX.
*^* To find the position of any place mentioned in the index, observe the
letters annexed to it in the first column : tlieii find tlie corresponding letters
on llie to|) or bottom, and sides of the ir.ap ; from these letters |)ass the eye
along due nortl) or south, and east or west, until they intersect, wiiere the
place sought for will be found.
QCT" -fibbrcviatioits. — County scat, Co. seat ; post town, p t. ; town, t. ;
post office, p. o. iS. B. — The towns marked thus *, hare post offices of a
difl^erenl name.
fA
Names of places.
M j Abington,...
L ajAboite,
K k| Adams,
F i' Alamo,
L g| Albany,
J n Albion,
J gj Alexandria,
M nJAllensville,
I
E
L
M
J
G
D
G
E
F
J
ille
ijAlIi^
ri*A]j)ha,
j Aiqiiina,
Ij Alton,
e America,
fJAinericus,
j Armesburg,
e' Amsterdam,
i| Annapolis,
], Anderton,...
\v Andersuniown,
L k Andersonville, ....
M ix^^Angola,
K k Ardeny,
E g Aitica,
L b Auburn,
H i Augusta,
K b Augusta,
Mm Aurora,
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
t.
t.
t.
t.
t.
o.
t.
t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
p. t.
Co. seat.
I.
p. t.
Co. seat,
p. t.
Co. seat.
p. t.
Name of county in
which they are situated.
Wayne,
Allen
Decatur,
Montgomery,.
Delaware,
Scott,
Madison,
Switzerland,..
Marion,
Warrick,
Fayette,
Dearborn,
Wabash,
Tippecanoe,...
Parke,
Cass,
Parke,
Greene,
Madison,
Franklin,
Steuben,
jDecatur,
Fountain, . . . .
'DeKalb,
I Marion,
'Noble,
iDearborn,
P.ti
II
76
511
112
48
566
45
73
81
53; 573
114! 547
19: r)83
160
706
73
85
536
82
74
66
82
(-0
64
41
561
50
543
1481
56'
71 1 668
129
9, 582
141
102
527
CONSULTING INDEX.
77
J m
E a
F j
Hm
D h
L n
I P
M k
G n
K J
G j
J b
L j
D o
I i
K o
M k
J k
E m
?"
F m
L k
M h
G
L 1
J (
H n
D
F
M a
L
J
H
G
I
J
Names of places.
Name of county in
which they are situated
Azalia,
Bailey Town,
Bainbridge,
Bale's Bridge,....
Baltimore,
Barboursville,. . . .
Barren,
Bath,
Bedford
Beech Grove,
Belleville,
Benton,
Bentonville,
Ben vsville,
Bethlehem,
Bethlehem,
Billingsville,
Black Hawk,
Black Creek,
Blairsville,
Blakesburg,
Bluomfield,
Blooming Grove,..
Bloomingport,. . . .
Bloomington,
Blountsville,
Blue Lick,
Bono,
Booneville,
Bosley,
Boston,
Bowling Green,.. .
Bowensburgh,. . . .
Boyds,
Brandy wine,
Bridgeport,
Brentsville,
Bridgeport,
Bristol, i p. t.
D
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. o.
p. t.
p. t.
p. o.
t.
Co. seat.
p. o.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
Village.
P.O.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat
p. t.
t.
Co. seat.
p. t.
p. o.
p. t.
Co. seat
p. t.
t.
Co. seat
t.
p. o.
t.
p. t.
t.
t.
Bartholomew,
Porter,
Putnam,
Monroe,
Warren,
Jefferson, . . . .
Harrison,.. . .
Union,
Lawrence,... . ,
Rush,
Hendricks,,...
LIkhart,
Fayette,
Knox,
Flamiiton,. . . .
Clarke,
Union,
Shelby,
Sullivan,
Posey,
Putnam, .. ..
Greene,
Franklin,
Randolph,
Monroe,
Henry,
Clarke,
Lawrence,... .
Warrick,
Hamilton,
Warrick,. . . .
Clay,
Steuben,
Henrv,
Shelby,
Marion,
Owen,
Elkhart,
Elkhart
78
CONSULTING INDEX.
Names of places.
M aBrockville p. t.
M k| Brookville Co. seal.
H iiBrowiisburg | p. t.
I nlBrownstowa 'Co. seat.
31 jjBrownsville ! p. t.
E k
D n
K n
H f
Browiiville.
liniceville. .
Bnansburg
Burlington. ,
K jl*Burlington
G «• Burneitsville.
G e
D ni
G »
D ni
Burnett's creek. ..
Buzroen's Mills .
'Byron
Criledonia
Cambridge city.
G f Camden
L f Camden....
I o Canton
L nCtmaan....
D mCalitsle ...
K jCarmel
K j Carlhiige ..
f CarroHton.
f Carrollion
k Cedar Grove
Cedarville
Ceatreville
^ Chainville
h|Chanibersburgh.. ..
Tp Charleston
i'Charleston
i'ChHrlotie.sville
c <'harl<)tte.«ville ,
h
n
c
k
hjCicerotown.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
0.£
ti; e
5. E"
Chesterfield
China
Chippewa
ChristvR Prairie
I kiClarkesburgh.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
t.
t.
p.o.
t.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
I.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t
p.o.
P.O.
t.
p. t.
Steuben
Franklin
Hendricks . . . .
Jackson
Union
Vigo
Knox
J efferson ,
Carroll
Rush
Carroll
White
Sullivan. . . . . .
Laporte ^
Sullivan
Way ne
Carroll
.Fay
Washington.. .
Jefferson
Sullivan
Rush
Rush
Carroll
Carroll
Franklin
Allen
Wayne
I Posey
I Fountain
Clarke
Hancock
Hancock
Kosciusko
Madison
Jefferson
Fulton
Clay
Hamilton
Decatur
70
U
6P
7b
7H
111
83
52
35
77
83
88
150
88
54
71
95
98
rJ7
41
36
54
72
77
117
63
179
66
105
30
29
CONSULTING INDEX.
79
E
H
J p
H ()
H
F
D J
F k
E k
G c
F e
I ]
F g
L 0
L j
L k
I q
D b
K p
F h
L a
L m
I
Names of places.
c
J
J
G
F
F
M
M
H f
M ?
G f
H a
S^
D o
E j
Cit>' West
Clarkstown
Clarksville
Claysville
Clermont,
"Cleveland
Clinton
Clover Dale
Clover Land
Coliunhiaville
'Columbia
Columbia
Columbia
Cobimbus
Concord
Concord ,
Connersvillc
Conwell's Mills
Curydon
Covington
Cranberry.
Crawfordsville ,
Crooked creek
Cross Plains
Cumberland
''ynthiana
Cynihiana
Cynthiana ,
D'lnville ,
Darlington
Dayton
Decatur
Decatur
t.
t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. I.
P.O.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t,
Co. seat.
p. t.
t.
Co. seat.
p. o.
Co. seat.
Co. seat.
p. o.
Co. seat.
p. o.
p. o,
p. t.
p. t.
t.
t.
Co. seat.
t.
p. o.
Co. Feat.
t.
Deer Creek,. I p. o.
Deerficld, [ p. o.
Delphi, Co. seat
Deniston, t.
Derby, t.
Dicksbur^h, t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
Dickson's Mills,. . , . | p. o.
Porter
Hamilton. . . .
Clarke
Washington..
Marion
Tippecanoe...
Vermillion.. . .
Putnam
Clay
Martin
Gibson
Fayette
Tippecanoe . .
Barlholnmew,
Tippecanoe...,
Steuben ,
Fayette
Fianklin
Harrison
Fountain
Delaware. . . .
Montgomery..
Steuben
Ripley
Marion
Posey
Hamilton. . . .
Shelby ,
Hendricks.. . .
Montgomery .
Tippecanoe. .
Adams ,
Dearborn
Carroll,
Randolph,
Carroll,
St. Joseph,.. .
Perry,
Knox,
Parke
80
CONSULTING INDEX.
M
Names of places.
Name of county in
which they are situated
DillsLiorough,
Drevvsburgli,
n Drusilla,
j*Oiihlin,
ijDubliii, ,
k Duck Creek,
n'DuLiley, I
j Duril.ipsville,
H i Eagle Village,
L ij Economy,
J iEden,..; ,
I k iMliiiburgh, I
E n Edwaidsport, :
L c Eel River, j
G IjEletl^viUe, |
I q Elizabfith, j
I ni|Eiizahetlno\vn, I
J m Elm Grove, j
Km Elv I
I aEfkharf, !
Eusene, I
p. t.
p. o.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. o.
t.
p. t.
D i
D r
L k
M k
E m
G m
M c
L
Evnr.sville,.. .
Eveit'>n,
Fairfield,
Fairplay,
Fairport, . . . .
Fairport,
Fairvievv, . . . .
Fnirview, . . . .
Falinoulh,.. . .
Farmi'igton,.
Far West,. . .
Fayetteville,..
Fi-^Iiersburg,..
kjFlat Rock,...
klFleiniiisrs,
(V'Forl Wayne,
^\ Frankfort,... .
V.\ Franklin,. . . .
ir Franklin,.. , ,
P-
P-
P-
P-
P-
P-
t.
p. t.
t.
p. o.
p. o.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat,
p. t.
p. t.
p. o.
t.
t.
t.
p. t.
t.
I.
p. o.
p. t.
p. t.
P.O.
P.O.
Co. seat
Co. seat
Co. seat
p. t.
Dearborn,
Franklin,.. . .
Jackson,
Parke,
Wayne, ,
Franklin,.. . .
Jackson,
Union,
Boone, ,
Wayne, ,
Hancock, — .
Johnson,.. . .
Knox,
Allen,
Monroe,
Hanison,.. . .
Jackson, ,
Jennings, . . .
Jennings,, ..
Elkhart,.. ..
Vermillion,..
Vanderburg,..
Fayette,
Franklin,.. ..
Greene,
Monroe,
Allen,
Rush,
Montgomery,
Fayette,
Hamilton,....
Johnson,.. ..
Fayette,. ...
Madison,... .
Shelby,
Shelby,
Allen,
Clinton,
Johnson,.. . .
I Wayne,
CONSULTING INDEX.
81
Numea of places.
H p Fredericksburg,,
H q Fredo?iia,
F 1 Freedom
J j Freeport,
E r FriPbie's Mills,.
E j'Gallatin, ,
H cIGeneva,
E q (jentrysville,... .
(ieore^etown,....
Georgetown,....
Geimantowij,..,
German town,. .,
Germantown,.. .
Germantown,...
K b Gibraltar,.
J
J
G
M
K
F
E
J
K
K
L
I
I
Mm
L i
J p
H j
Mm
H n
J j
Mm
L 1
Good Hope,.
Goshen,
Gosport,
Grant's Cfpek,
Granville,
Green Castle,
Granville,
Greenfield,
Greensboro',
Greensbitrg,
Green's Fork,
Greenville,
Greenwood,
Guionsville,
Hagersiown,
Hamburg,
Hampton,
Hanover,
Hamer's Mills,
Hanover,
Hardingsburgb,
Harding's Stone, ...
Harrison,!
Hartsville,
p. t.
Co. sea
p. t.
t.
p. o.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
t.
P.O.
Co. seat
p. t.
P.O.
t.
Co. seat,
t.
Co. seat.
p. t.
Co. seat,
p. o.
p. t.
p. t.
P.O.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
t.
p. o.
t.
p. t.
P.O.
p. t.
t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
Washington,..
Crawford,.. . .
Owen,
Shelby,
Warrick,
Parke,
Marshall,....
Spencer,
Floyd,
Brown,.
Marion,
Decntur,
Wayne.
Floyd,
La Grange, . .
La Grange,.. .
Elkhart,
Owen,
Switzerland,..
Delaware,.. ..
Putnam,
Tippecanoe,...
Hancock,. . . .
Henry,
Decatur,
Wayne,
Floyd,
Johnson,
Dearborn,. . . .
Wayne,
Clarke
Hendricks,... .
Dearborn,.. - .
Lawrence,.. , .
Shelby,
Dearborn,. ...
Ripley,
Dearborn,
Bartholomew,
t Part of this town i« in Ohio.
Dl
82
CONSULTING INDEX.
Names of places.
'6i
I a'
F f|
Mm'
D p
K a
K p
D i
M i
E h
F o
J n
L n
D k
J 1
M h
G a
Gg
L ni
K e
J i
L h
G a
E a
M c
L m
i\
M n
E i
L a
G i
K i
Gg
J P
Harrisburg, ....
Hariiscn,
Harrison,
*Harrisonville,...
Hartfiird,
Hart's Mills,.. .
Harvey's Creek,
Haw Patch,
Herculaneum,..
Hi hernia,
Highland,
* Hillsborough,,..
HilUborough, . .
Hindostan,
Hindsville,
Home,
Honey Creek, .
Hope,
Howiitown, . . . .
fludson,
Huntersville,... .
Hunt's Mill,....
Htintington,.. .,
Huntsville,
Himtsville,
Independence,...
Independence,...
Indiana Cily,... .
Indiana City, —
India Ken,.. . . .
Indianapolis,.,
Jacksonbiirg,.,. .
Jackponville,... .
Jacksonville,... .
.Jamestown,
Jamestown,
Jamestown, . . . ,
Jasper,
Jefterson,
JnfferBonville,...
p. t.
t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. o.
p. o.
P.O.
t.
p. o.
p. o.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. o.
p. o.
p. t.
t.
t.
p. o.
p. o.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. o.
Capital,
p. t.
p. t.
t.
t.
p. t.
I.
Co. seat
p. t.
p. t.
Name of county in
which they are situated,
Fayette,
Vigo,
Elkhart,
Tippecanoe,...
Dearborn,. . . .
Ripley,
Pike,
La Grange,.. .
Clarke,
Clarke,
Vermillion,.. .
Wayne,
Fountain,. . . .
Martin,
Jeflerson, . . . .
Jefferson,
Vigo,
Bartholomew,
Randolph,... .
Laporte,
Tippecanoe,...
Ripley,
Huntington,...
Madi?on,
Randolph,.. ..
Laporte,
Warren,
Lake,
Allen,
Ri|)ley,
Marion,
Wayne,
Switzerland,..
Fountain,.. . .
Elkhart,
Boone,
Henry
Dubois,
Clinton,
IClarke,
CONSULTING INDEX.
83
Names of places.
E q Jonesborough,.
G a {Kankakee,
M 1 Kelso,
L blKendalsviUe,...
C olKnoxville,
H hKirklin,
K i Kiiightstowu,..
L erKraco,... ....
I q'Laconia,
F i'Ladoga,
F
K a
Eg
J e
D b
J a
C r
K n
K e
I ^
G a
L
1
L k
Mm
H n
Hq
H h
J b
H n
H e
J i
K i
M c
J o
K a
M j
G n
K a
J
La Fayette,
La Grange,
La Grange,
Lagro,
LakeC.H.,
Laketon,
Lamasco City,
Lancaster,
Lancaster,
Lanesville,
Laporte,
Laughery,
"Laurel City,
Laivrenceburg,
Lawrenceporl,
Leavenworth,
Lebanon,
Leesburgh,
Leesville,
Lewisburg,
*Lewisburg,
Lewisville,
Lewiston,
Lexington,
Lexington,
Liberty,
Liberty,
Lima,
d. Liberty Mills,
E m Linton,
p. o.
p. o.
p. o.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
I.
Co. seat.
t.
t.
p. o.
Co. seat
t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
p. o.
p. t.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
p. t
p. t.
p. t.
t.
Co. seat.
t.
Co. seat.
t.
Co. seat.
p. o,
p. t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
fepencer,
Laporte, . . . .
Dearborn,. . .
Noble,
Knox,
Clinton,
Henry,
Allen,
Harrison,,. ..
Montgomery,
Tippecanoe,..
La Grange,..
Tippecanoe,..
Wabash,.. ..
Lake,..
Wabash,....
Vanderburg,.
Jefierson, . . .
Huntington,.,
Harrison, . . .
Laporte,
Ripley,
Franklin,... .
Dearborn,....
Lawrence,...
Crawford,....
Boone,. . . . ,
Kosciusko,...
Lawrence,... .
Cass,
Hancock,.,..
Henry,
Allen,
.Scott,
Lagrange,.. ..
Union,
Lawrence,. . .
La Grange,...
Wabash,, .. .
Greene,
84
CONSULTING INDEX.
i
c
Q
Names of places.
i
5
Name of county in
which they are situated.
Distance from
Indianapolis.
Distance from
Washington City
J n
E a
Little Blue River,..
Little Muncietown,.
LiitleYork,
p. o.
Village,
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
P.O.
Co. seat.
t.
p. 0.
p. 0.
t.
t.
Co. seat.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
P.O.
p. 0.
P.O.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
p.^t.
Co. seat,
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
Co. seat.
Shelby,
^4 Kfl\
Madison,
Washington,
Lake,
43
103
77
77
72
93
72
140
106
75
92
89
115
46
20
103
73
25
137
103
20
152
109
72
167
99
85
87
159
41
154
70
H o
G c
Livonia,
Washington,
Carroll,
625
E k
Lockpori,
Lodi
Vigo,
D i
Parke,
Dearborn,
Cass,
M 1
Losran, ........••••
H e
Logansport,
Lynnville,
Lyons Mills,
McCallan's X Road
Mackville,
Macksville,
645
723
618
576
533
618
E q
I P
D k
K n
Warrick,
Morgan,
Harrison,
Randolph,
Vigo,
Jefferson,
Dearborn,
Wabash,
Putnam,
M 1
J d
F k
IVlanchester,
Manchester,
Manhattan,
Manwariug,
Marcy,
I J
Shelby,
La Grange,
Knox,.
Grant,
E n
T f
Maria Creek,,
H k
Shelby,
Noble,
Marseilles,
Martinsburg,
Marion,
Washington,
La Grange,.
Morgan,
614
Xfn.rtitiS'nillp
603
H r Maiifikiiort
Harrison,
630
F o
Maysville,
Mdvsville,. ........
Daviess,
676
F ^
Fountain,
Vandenburg,
Sullivan,
D r
D m
Mechanicsville,
Merom,
731
6S8
H d
Metea,
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. 0.
Fulton,
I e
F a
Mexico,
Mir.hiornn Cirv
La Porte,
739
H g Michis^an Town,. ..
Clinton,
614
J a Middlebury,
Elkhart,
E 1 iMiddlebury,
H g Middle Fork,
Clay,
Clinton,
CONSULTING INDEX.
85
1
Names of places.
i
Name of county in
which they are situated.
5.5
J k
K h
MicJdIetown,
Middletovvn, ,...
*IVliddletown,
Midway,
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. 0.
p.o.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p.o.
p. t.
t.
t.
p, t.
Co. seat,
t.
p. t.
p.o.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
p. t.
p.'t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
Sbelby,
38
40
87
177
79
127
47
46
97
48
114
7.5
48
57
143
23
63
59
67
79
86
82
16
29
27
45
43
36
121
39
1('6
75
102
35
187
548
D 1
Vi-^o
F, r
702
550
T, 1
Milan,
Ripley,
T h
Mdford,
Kosciusko,
T V
Milford,
J h
Mill Creek,
Miller,
Madison, .••••
556
M I
K m
Millersburgh,
Mill Grove,
Milltown,
Rinlev
G k
Owen, ......
Hp
I n
Crawford,
626
Millport,..
Jac kson,
K k
Millroy,....
Rush,
L j
H a
L a
G j
Gg
Wayne,
St. Joseph,
La Grange,
'iOS
Mishawaka,
Mongoquinong,
Monrovia,
Monroe,
Montevallo,
Montezuma,.
Monticello,
Montpelier,
Mooresfield,
Moores Hill,
Mooresville,
Mooresville,
Morgantown,
Morristown,
672
Tippecanoe,
Shelby,
g j
F e
L f
Lm
Parke,
649
White,
Blackford,
Switzerland,
Dearborn,
Morgan,
Fioyd,
6.52
573
540
587
u
K k
Shelby,
Shelby,
Rush,
Morven,
Moscow,
570
F j
Mount Meridian,. .. .
Mount Pleasant, ....
Mount Pleasant,
Mount Pleasant,
Mount Prospect,. . . .
Mount Sidney,
Mount Sterling,
Mount Tabor,.
Moimt Vernon,
604
F o
J k
L b
Gp
I n
Martin,
Shelby,
Delaware,
Crawford,.
Jackson,
659
637
L n
G I
Switzerland,...
Monroe,
559
B r
Posey,
743
86
CONSULTING INDEX.
K h
M n
Names of places.
J
L
H
J
J
H
K
D
F
J
B
I
M
E
D
E
G
K
M
J
M
K
B
E
G f
Dm
L i
K o
E o
Km
G i
H
J
I
I)
M
I
K
Muncieiown,. .
.Vlurray's Mills,
Nancytown,
Napoleon,
Nnshville,
Nashville,
(Slew- Albany,
iNevv-Aiiisterdam,...
Navarino,
Newark,
Newberry,
Newbern,
New-Ballimore,. . . ,
New-Bethel,
New Boston, ,
Newburg,
Newburg,
New-Brunswick,....
New-Carlisle,
W New-Castle,. ,
f I New-Charleston,.. .,
h New-Columbus,. . . .
New-Garden, ,
New Cumberland,. .
New- Harmony, ....
New-.Ierusalem,. ...
New-Lancaster, .. . .
New-Lebanon,
New -Lisbon, ,
New-London, ,
New-London,,
New-Marion,
New-Maysville,. ..
New- Paris,
New-Paris,
New-Philadelphia,
l^eicport,
New|)ort, „
New-Providence,...
New-Salera,
Co. seat,
I p. o.
Village.
p. I.
Co. seat.
t.
Co. seat.
t.
t.
t.
t.
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
t.
t.
p. 0.
t.
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t,
p. t.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
I Delaware,
'Dearborn,
Madison,
Ripley,
Brown,
Hancock,
Floyd,
Harrison,
La Grange,
Warrick,
Greene,
Bartholomew,
Posey,
Marion,
Wayne,
Fountain,
Warrick,.
Clay,
St. Joseph,
Henry,
Jay,
Madison,
Wayne,
Grant,
Posey,
Greene,
CarrU,.
Sullivan,
Henry,
Jefferson,
Daviess,
Ripley,
Putnam,
Cass,
Elkhart,
Washington,
Vermillion,
Wayne,
Clarke,
Rush,
CONSULTING INDEX.
87
i
2
«2
Names of places.
i
Name of county in
which they are situated.
® ^
u
New-Salisbury,
Newtown, • .
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p t-
p. t.
Co. seat.
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
t.
P.O.
t.
p. t.
P.O.
p.o.
p. t.
t.
t.
p.o.
p. t.
t.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p.o.
p. t.
p.o.
p. t.
p. o.
t.
p. t.
Co. peat.
Co. seat.
Harrison,
112
62
81
96
27
114
22
19
97
30
38
49
86
148
70
91
151
150
59
105
52
94
66
76
8J
44
53
140
121
45
30
87
88
89
119
Fountain,
M 1
New-Trenton,
New-Washington,.. .
New-Winchester,....
51^
K 0
Clarke,
^^i
G j
M n
I h
Hendricks,
Switzerland,
Hamilton,.. .. .. .. ..
60(
Noblesville,
Northfleld,
5R(
H h
59'
I d
North Liberty,
North Salem,
North West,
©""den,. ............
G i
T fi
Elkhart,
K i
Henrv,
K a
Ontario,. •••...•••••.
La Gran'^e,. ........
}- J
Orange,
Orland,
Fayette,
H n
64(
T n
St. Joseph,
D j
E n
C p
H fi
Otter Creek,
Owl Prairie,
Owensville,
Palestine,
Vieo
Daviess,
715
St. Joseph,
IM
T p
T, i
Palmyra,
U
*Palmyra,
Harrison,
Rush,
Palmyra, ..... ....
G 0
G f
PaoH,
Parafifon,
Orange,
Carroll,
mi
63f
T n
Paris,
58'
D n
Paris,
Lawrence,
F i
E i
Purkersburg,
Parkeville,
Patoka,.. .
Montgomery,
Parke,
D p
M n
Gibson, .. .. ..••••..
70,
Patriot,
Switzerland,
Rush,
547
K k
Perkinp,
T i
56f
T, r
Perry,
Perrysburgh,
Perry sville,
Peru,
Allen,
T H
Miami,.
]) h
661
T p
66S
E 0
Peiersbursk
Pike
68J
88
CONSULTING INDEX.
1
erf
Names of places.
Name of county in
which they are situated.
o
if
Philanthropy,
Philometh,
Piketon,
Pine Lick,
P.O.
p. O.
p. t.
P.O.
t.
t.
t.
p. t.
t.
p.o.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. o.
t.
p. O.
Co. seat.
P.O.
t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat
t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
P.O.
p. t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
P.O.
p. t.
P.O.
t.
p. t.
P.O.
p. t.
P.O.
p. t.
Franklin,
72
10
67
18
15
153
93
47
57
49
68
13
60
115
69
80
64
143
124
115
27
87
88
16
87
80
117
154
42
117
81
89
^^ J
H i
Marion,
Clarke,
583
K g
G f
Pittsburg,
Pittsburgh,
Pittsborough,
Plainfield,.-
Delaware,
Carroll,
610
G i
591
H j
Hendricks,
St. Joseph,
Switzerland,
588
Plainfield,
746
L ni
Pleasant,
565
F k
Pleasant Garden,....
Pleasant Hill,
Pleasant Ridge,
Pleasant Run,
Pleasant View,
Plum Orchard,
6'?0
E h
L k
Montgomery,
Rush
G f
641
H h
Shelby,
Fayette,
Marshall,
Greene, ..
535
688
F m
Point Commerce,. ..
Point Pleasant,
Point Pleasant,
Portage,
Portersville,
Portland,
H a
F o
Tippecanoe,
St. Joseph,
D u bois,
672
M,
Jav,
541
Portland,
Hancock,
D n
Port William,
Portland,
Lawrence,
D h
Fountain,
661
H j
D 1
Port Royal,
Prairie Creek,
*Prairiefon,
Johnson,. ...•■.....
Vieo,
67-?
D k
Viffo,
66?
G h
618
D p
Hp
T n
Prinrpinn
Gibson ............
70^
Proctorsville,
Prowsville,
Pulaski,
Pulaski,
Putnamville,
Quercus Grove,. . . .
Rainsville,
Ramsay's Mills,
Randolph,
Crawford,. •••••#•••
Washington,
Elkhart,
634
G d
Pu laski, ...•..• ..».
F j
M n
E g
K n
615
Switzerland,
W^arren .• .......
546
M h
Randolph,
524
CONSULTING INDEX.
89
Names of places.
K i Raysville,..,
J m Reddington,
K k Richland,. .
M i Richmond,..
K llRichmond,. .
M m Rising Sun,,
M k Rohinson's, .
E hlRob Roy,...
H d\ Rochester, . .
K b
J m
Rochester,
Rockford,.
Rockport, ,
j Rockville,.
i!Rodnian's,
rlRome,.. ..
d Root,
j Roseville, .
giRossville,.
i|Royalton,
K ilRushville,..
F iiRuRsellville,,
'Sartbrd,
M
M
D
J
J m
F m
M k
D n
E g
J k
I h
H c
G n
J m
U q;
J I St. Louis,
K kSl. Omer,
M g Salanionia,
I o\Safc7n,
i Salisbury,,
1 Salmon, ,
q Saundersville,.. .
j I Savannah, ,
Scipio,
Scotland,
Sentinel,..
Shakertown,
Shawnee Prairie,
Shelbyville,
Shielville,
Sidney,
Sinking Spring,.,
Six Mile Creek,.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. o.
p. t.
Co. seat,
t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
Co. seat,
p. o.
Co. seat
p. 0.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
Co. seat
p. t.
P.O.
t.
p. t.
P.O.
Co. seat,
t.
P.O.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. o.
Village.
P.O.
Co. seat,
t.
P.O.
p. o.
p. o.
Name of county in
which they are situated
Henry, ,
Jackson,
Rush,
Wayne,
Decatur,
Dearborn,
Franklin, ....
Fountain, .. ..
Fulton,
Noble
Jackson,
Spencer,
Parke,
Boone,
Perry, ,
Allen,
Parke,
Clinton,
Boone,
Rush,
Putnam
Perry,
Bartholomew,
Decatur,
Randolph,... .
Washington,..
Wayne,
Franklin,
Vanderburg,...
Rush,
Jennings, . . . .
Greene,
Franklin, ....
Knox,
Fountain,.. ..
Shelby,
Hamilton,
Marshall, .. . .
Lawrence,....
Jennings, ,
90
CONSULTING INDEX.
E
V
^
«2
«
J n
F m
K j
E n
L h
K n
D r
J m
H a
K n
K b
D i
L k
M h
F 1
M k
K k
G m
G a
I h
G j
L k
I h
1 1
J k
L 1
J b
G a
E q
H a
D k
G b
G e
K e
J e
F r
D 1
J p
J e
I n
Names of places.
Stateford,
.Sliiikard's Mills,.. .
Smelsor's Mills
Smotber's Creek,...
Stnitbfiekl,
Smockville,
Smyrna,
Solon,
South Bend,
South Hanover,. . . ,
Sparta,. .,
Solon,
Somerset,
Spartanburg,
Spencer,
Springfield,
Spring Hill,
Springville,
Springville,
vStevens^burgb,
vStiiesvilie,
Slipps'Hill,
Strawtown,
Sugar Creek,
SulpburHill,
Sunman's,
Syracuse,
Tamarack,
Taylorsville,
Terre Coupee,
Terre Haute,
Tborntown,
Tiptonsport,
Tracy,
Treaty Ground,
Troy,
Turman's Creek, . . . .
Utica,
Utica,
Vallonia,
p. o.
p. o,
p. o.
p. o.
p, t.
p. t.
t.
t.
Co. seat,
p. t.
p. t.
t.
t.
t.
Co. seat
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
t.
p. t.
p. o.
p. t.
p. o.
p. o.
p. o.
p. t.
p. o.
t.
p. t.
Co. seat
p. t.
p. t.
t.
p. o.
p. t.
p. o.
p. t.
t.
p. t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
Jackson, ,
Greene,.. .. .
Rush,
Daviess, ,
Delaware,...,
Jefferson,...
Vanderburg,,
Jennings, .. ,
St. Joseph,..
I efferson, . . ,
Noble,
V'ermillion,..
Franklin, .. .
Randolph,.. .
Owen,
Franklin,... .
Decatur,
Lawrence,...
Laporte,
Hamilton,....
Hendricks,..
Franklin, .. .
Hamilton,.. ,
Hancock,.. ,
Shelby,
Ripley,
Kosciusko,..,
St. Joseph,.,
Warrick,... .
St. Joseph,..
Vigo,
Boone, ,
Carroll,
Huntington,,
Wabash,... .
Perry,
Sullivan,, . .
Clarke,
Wabash,... .
Jackson,
CONSULTING INDEX.
91
E b
E k
J m
L m
C r
L
J
L
Names of places.
D o
L a
J e
K j
M g
J c
E o
K e
J 1
L
J
E
E d
F
D
G
I
C r
G a
D e
H e
J d
K
F
D
K 1
D n
D i
L k
Kg
Valparaiso, Co. seat.
Van Buren, | p. o.
Vernon, Co. seat.
Versailles, Co. seat.
Verona, | t.
Vevai/, ,Co. seat.
Vienna, p. t.
Vienna, t.
Viucennes, Co. seat.
Vistula, t.
Wabash, Co. seat.
Vi^alkers, p. o.
*VVard, p. t.
Warsaw, Co. seat.
Washington, Co. seat.
Warren,. t.
Warrickton, t.
Warrington, t.
Washington, p. t.
Waterloo, p. t.
Waterloo, t.
Waveland, t.
Waynetown, p. t.
West Bedford, p. t.
West Creek, p. o.
West Delphi, t.
Wesi field, p. t.
West Franklin, p. t.
West Hamilton,. ... t.
West Lebanon, p. t.
West Logan, t.
Westminster, t.
Westminster, t.
West Point, p. t.
West Port t.
West Port, t.
West Union, p. o.
West Union, t.
West Union, t.
Wheeling, t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
Porter,
Clay,
'ennings,... .
Riplpy, ,
Vanderburg,.
Switzerland,.
Scott,
Rush,
Knox,
La Grange,..
Wabash,
Rush,
Randolph,....
Kosciusko,. .
Daviess,
Huntington,..
VV arrick, . . . .
Hancock, . . .
Wayne,
Fayette, ....
Elkhart,
Montgomery,
ftlontgonierv.
White...... \
Lake,
Carroll
Hamilton,. . .
Posey,
La Poite,. . .
Warren,
Cass,
Kosciusko,. .
La Grange,. .
Tippecanoe,.
Parke
Decatur,
Knox, ,
Parke,
Fayette,
Delaware, . . ,
92
CONSULTING INDEX.
Names of places.
M i Whitewater,
J d Whitley,
I k *VVilliamsburgh,.. ..
M i Williamsburgh,. ...
E g Williamspori, ,
I a Williamsport,
K k Williamstown,.
E k *Williamstown,. ...,
M m Wilmington,
J j Wilmington,
M h Winchester, ,
L h Windsor, ,
K nWirt,
K b Wolf Lake,
I k Woodruff' 6,
I n Woodville,
I j Wrightsdale,
G d Wyoming, ,
M 1 York Ridge,.
K h Yorktown,
K m *Zena3,
G f Zenia
P.O.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
Co. seat.
t.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
t.
Co. seat
p. t.
p. I.
p. o.
p.o.
p. o.
p. t.
t,
p.o.
p. t.
p. t.
p. t.
Name of county in
which they are situated
Wayne, . .
Whitley,.
Johnson,.
Wayne,. .
Warren,. ,
Elkhart,.,
Decatur,.,
Clay,. ..
Dearborn,
Rush,...
Randolph,
Randolph,
Jefferson,,
Noble,...,
Johnson,.
Jackson,.,
Shelby,..,
White,...
Dearborn,
Delaware,
Jennings,,
Carroll,..
65
113
29
57 516
72 645
1521
47|
60 633
105 531
37
97, 523
65
136
29
74
13
92
89
53
70
55
186
544
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